HomeCoverageDistrict of Columbia
District of Columbia commercial real estate data, county by county.
The Census Bureau estimates 702,250 residents in District of Columbia on July 1, 2024. Its one county-equivalent has a data page built from federal sources, each figure carrying its publisher and the period it describes.
- Population, July 1, 2024
- 702,250
- Households
- 324,491
- Median household income
- $109,870
- Gross domestic product, 2025
- $192.62 bn
- Unemployment rate
- 5.7 percent
District of Columbia agency publications
What changes the underwriting in District of Columbia?
Federal height ceiling
A federal law, the Height of Buildings Act, sets the maximum height of buildings in the District based on the width of the fronting street. It caps commercial streets at 130 feet, residential streets at 90 feet, and parts of Pennsylvania Avenue NW at 160 feet. On a corner lot, the limit is set by the width of the wider street.
- Commercial streets: up to 130 feet
- Residential streets: up to 90 feet
- Parts of Pennsylvania Avenue NW: up to 160 feet
Source: National Capital Planning Commission, Approved, June 1, 1910, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Federal seats on the Zoning Commission
The fourth member of the District's Zoning Commission is the Architect of the Capitol or a representative. The fifth member of the Zoning Commission is the Director of the National Park Service or a representative.
Source: DC Office of Zoning, ZR16 effective as of September 6, 2016, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Tenant purchase right before a rental sale
The District of Columbia's Rental Housing Conversion and Sale Act of 1980 gives tenants of a rental building rights to purchase their building and a first right of refusal before a sale to a third party.
Source: DC Department of Housing and Community Development, Monday, Jul 14, 2014, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Census Bureau population estimates and 2020 Census
How many people live in District of Columbia, and is the population growing?
- Population, July 1, 2024702,250
- Population, April 1, 2020 estimates base689,545
- Change since the 2020 base1.84 percent
- Rank by population among the 50 states and DC49th of 51
- Rank by growth since 2020 among the 50 states and DC28th of 51
- Share of residents in urban areas, 2020100.0 percent
Net domestic and international migration, by year to July 1
- 2021: domestic -6,432, international +1,747
- 2022: domestic -4,864, international +10,017
- 2023: domestic -2,580, international +10,320
- 2024: domestic -337, international +12,502
Change since 2020 is MMCG Analytics arithmetic on the two published estimates; ranks order the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure; the urban share divides the published urban count by the published total.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024. US Census Bureau, 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics, table P2. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for District of Columbia.
Census Bureau American Community Survey
Who lives in District of Columbia?
- Households324,491
- Median household income$109,870
- Median age34.9 years
- Residents under 1818.7 percent
- Residents 65 and over12.8 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor's degree or higher64.2 percent
- Median home value$737,100
- Median gross rent, per month$1,954
The three shares are MMCG Analytics arithmetic on published counts: the survey's age groups under 18 and 65 and over, and its degree counts, each divided by the published total.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020 to 2024. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for District of Columbia.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
How many people are working in District of Columbia?
- Labor force402,398
- Employed379,289
- Unemployed23,109
- Unemployment rate5.7 percent
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, August 2026, preliminary. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for District of Columbia.
Bureau of Economic Analysis, gross domestic product by state
How large is the District of Columbia economy?
- Gross domestic product, 2025$192.62 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2024$184.30 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2023$174.25 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2022$165.11 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2021$156.58 bn
- Rank by 2025 gross domestic product among the 50 states and DC36th of 51
The rank orders the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional accounts, table SAGDP2, 2021 to 2025. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for District of Columbia.
SBA 7(a) and 504 loan records
How active is SBA lending in District of Columbia?
- 7(a) loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026824
- 7(a) approval dollars, FY2020 to FY2026$366.5 m
- Rank by 7(a) loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2020 to FY202649th of 51
- 504 loans approved, FY2010 to FY2026144
- 504 approval dollars, FY2010 to FY2026$149.9 m
- Rank by 504 loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2010 to FY202648th of 51
Most active 7(a) lenders, by loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026
- Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company: 199 loans
- TD Bank, National Association: 71 loans
- Newtek Bank, National Association: 53 loans
- Readycap Lending, LLC: 33 loans
- Hanmi Bank: 32 loans
Most active Certified Development Companies, by 504 loans, FY2010 to FY2026
- Business Finance Group, Inc.: 102 loans
- Chesapeake Business Finance Corporation: 24 loans
- Rappahannock Economic Development Corporation: 15 loans
- 504 Capital Corporation: 3 loans
Industries with the most 7(a) loans, FY2020 to FY2026
- Full-Service Restaurants: 59 loans
- Beer, Wine, and Liquor Retailers: 42 loans
- Limited-Service Restaurants: 35 loans
- Administrative Management and General Management Consulting Services: 29 loans
- Beauty Salons: 22 loans
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics arithmetic over the SBA's loan-level records whose project state is District of Columbia: counts of records, sums of the gross approval amount, and ranks among the 50 states and the District of Columbia. These are approvals, not disbursements or balances.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA loan records, FY2010 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for District of Columbia.
What do jobs in District of Columbia pay, county by county?
- Combined county product, 2024$184.30 bn
- Covered employment, summed over counties759,572
- Average annual pay, weighted by county employment$122,982
The average annual pay of $122,982 is weighted by each county's covered employment, not averaged across counties, so a large labor market counts for more than a small one.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, through 2024. US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How many businesses are in District of Columbia?
- Business establishments, summed over counties23,801
- Establishments per 1,000 residents of those counties34.9
- Employment at those establishments558,653
- Annual payroll$56.78 bn
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Building permits in District of Columbia
- Housing units permitted, summed over counties1,737
- Permitted construction value$270.2 m
- Units permitted per 1,000 households5.4
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
SBA loan charge-off rates in District of Columbia
- 7(a) charge-off rate over resolved loans26.70 percent
- Resolved 7(a) loans behind that rate131
- 7(a) loans charged off35
- 504 charge-off rate over resolved loans2.30 percent
- Resolved 504 loans behind that rate43
- 504 loans charged off1
Of the 131 District of Columbia 7(a) loans that have reached a final outcome, 26.70 percent were charged off. The rate is taken over loans resolved in a window starting in FY2020, so it leans toward early outcomes and is not a lifetime loss rate.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates →
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How large is District of Columbia?
- Land area, summed over counties61 sq mi
- County-equivalents1
- People per square mile, county records11,169
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Which are the largest counties in District of Columbia?
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District of Columbia | 681,294 | $109,870 | 23,801 | $184.30 bn | 968 |
Counties
The one District of Columbia county-equivalent, resolved locally.
Select a county
Every county opens a page carrying its own demographics, growth and migration, economic output, employment and wages, business establishments by industry, construction, SBA lending and charge off record, geography and hazard.
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals | Land area, sq mi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District of Columbia | 681,294 | $109,870 | 23,801 | $184.30 bn | 968 | 61 |
A statement appears on this page only where a published document, or arithmetic over published data, supports it. How this page was built →
Questions
District of Columbia questions, answered from this page.
What is the population of District of Columbia?
The Census Bureau estimates 702,250 residents on July 1, 2024 (Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024).
What is the unemployment rate in District of Columbia?
5.7 percent in August 2026, preliminary, seasonally adjusted, as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
How many SBA 7(a) loans were approved in District of Columbia?
824 loans with a project in District of Columbia, counted by MMCG Analytics from the SBA's 7(a) loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30.
How many counties does District of Columbia have?
One county-equivalent, with a page on this site covering population, income, business establishments, employment and wages, building permits, SBA lending and hazard records.
The register