South Dakota commercial real estate data, county by county.
The Census Bureau estimates 924,669 residents in South Dakota on July 1, 2024. Every one of its 66 county-equivalents has a data page built from federal sources, each figure carrying its publisher and the period it describes.
- Population, July 1, 2024
- 924,669
- Households
- 365,544
- Median household income
- $75,081
- Gross domestic product, 2025
- $80.65 bn
- Unemployment rate
- 2.0 percent
South Dakota statutes
Which permits and hazards apply to a site in South Dakota?
One-acre construction stormwater permit
Construction activity that disturbs one or more acres in South Dakota must have coverage under the state's General Permit Authorizing Stormwater Discharges Associated with Construction Activities, issued by the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources. The general permit now in force became effective on November 1, 2023.
- Land-disturbance permit threshold1 acre
Source: South Dakota Legislature (Legislative Research Council), SL 1973, ch 280, § 1; SDCL Supp, § 46-25-23, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Broad statutory definition of protected state waters
South Dakota's water pollution law defines waters of the state to include wells, springs, irrigation systems, and drainage systems, along with streams, lakes, and ponds, whether public or private. The law defines its secretary as the secretary of the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
Source: South Dakota Legislature (Legislative Research Council), retrieved 26 September 2026.
Local-option 2024 building code
South Dakota leaves adoption of non-residential construction standards to local governments. If a county or municipality adopts an ordinance prescribing standards for a building other than a residential structure, the ordinance must comply with the 2024 edition of the International Building Code, and the local governing body may amend, modify, or delete any part of that code before adopting its ordinance.
Source: South Dakota Legislature (Legislative Research Council), retrieved 26 September 2026.
Census Bureau population estimates and 2020 Census
How many people live in South Dakota, and is the population growing?
- Population, July 1, 2024924,669
- Population, April 1, 2020 estimates base886,729
- Change since the 2020 base4.28 percent
- Rank by population among the 50 states and DC46th of 51
- Rank by growth since 2020 among the 50 states and DC13th of 51
- Share of residents in urban areas, 202057.2 percent
Net domestic and international migration, by year to July 1
- 2021: domestic +6,124, international +1,101
- 2022: domestic +8,253, international +2,570
- 2023: domestic +4,536, international +1,314
- 2024: domestic +2,132, international +1,616
Change since 2020 is MMCG Analytics arithmetic on the two published estimates; ranks order the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure; the urban share divides the published urban count by the published total.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024. US Census Bureau, 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics, table P2. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for South Dakota.
Census Bureau American Community Survey
Who lives in South Dakota?
- Households365,544
- Median household income$75,081
- Median age38.0 years
- Residents under 1824.2 percent
- Residents 65 and over18.0 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor's degree or higher31.9 percent
- Median home value$257,400
- Median gross rent, per month$946
The three shares are MMCG Analytics arithmetic on published counts: the survey's age groups under 18 and 65 and over, and its degree counts, each divided by the published total.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020 to 2024. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for South Dakota.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
How many people are working in South Dakota?
- Labor force485,944
- Employed476,316
- Unemployed9,628
- Unemployment rate2.0 percent
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, August 2026, preliminary. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for South Dakota.
Bureau of Economic Analysis, gross domestic product by state
How large is the South Dakota economy?
- Gross domestic product, 2025$80.65 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2024$76.80 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2023$74.46 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2022$69.43 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2021$63.34 bn
- Rank by 2025 gross domestic product among the 50 states and DC48th of 51
The rank orders the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional accounts, table SAGDP2, 2021 to 2025. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for South Dakota.
SBA 7(a) and 504 loan records
How active is SBA lending in South Dakota?
- 7(a) loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026985
- 7(a) approval dollars, FY2020 to FY2026$404.9 m
- Rank by 7(a) loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2020 to FY202646th of 51
- 504 loans approved, FY2010 to FY20261,256
- 504 approval dollars, FY2010 to FY2026$799.6 m
- Rank by 504 loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2010 to FY202626th of 51
Most active 7(a) lenders, by loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026
- The First National Bank in Sioux Falls: 119 loans
- Black Hills FCU: 107 loans
- First Bank & Trust: 77 loans
- U.S. Bank, National Association: 66 loans
- First Interstate Bank: 58 loans
Most active Certified Development Companies, by 504 loans, FY2010 to FY2026
- Dakota Business Finance: 598 loans
- Ally Dakota Development, Inc.: 445 loans
- South Dakota Development Corporation: 163 loans
- Midwest Business Finance Corporation: 40 loans
- Lake Agassiz Certified Development Company: 4 loans
Industries with the most 7(a) loans, FY2020 to FY2026
- Limited-Service Restaurants: 39 loans
- Full-Service Restaurants: 33 loans
- General Freight Trucking, Local: 29 loans
- Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars: 28 loans
- Landscaping Services: 20 loans
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics arithmetic over the SBA's loan-level records whose project state is South Dakota: counts of records, sums of the gross approval amount, and ranks among the 50 states and the District of Columbia. These are approvals, not disbursements or balances.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA loan records, FY2010 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for South Dakota.
FEMA NFIP Community Status Book and EPA radon zones
How do flood insurance and radon screening stand in South Dakota?
- Communities participating in the NFIP232
- Communities earning a Community Rating System discount, classes 1 to 98
- Counties in EPA radon zone 1, the highest predicted level48
- Counties in EPA radon zone 217
- Counties in EPA radon zone 30
Communities by Community Rating System class (class 1 earns the largest discount, class 10 none)
- Class 6: 1
- Class 7: 2
- Class 8: 1
- Class 9: 4
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics counting over the agency's own list: FEMA's community rows for the state, and the state's county records by EPA radon zone. Radon zones are county-wide predictions, never a site measurement.
FEMA, NFIP Community Status Book, as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for South Dakota.
What do jobs in South Dakota pay, county by county?
- Combined county product, 2024$76.80 bn
- Covered employment, summed over counties455,650
- Average annual pay, weighted by county employment$58,063
The average annual pay of $58,063 is weighted by each county's covered employment, not averaged across counties, so a large labor market counts for more than a small one.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, through 2024. US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How many businesses are in South Dakota?
- Business establishments, summed over counties28,739
- Establishments per 1,000 residents of those counties31.7
- Employment at those establishments378,905
- Annual payroll$20.32 bn
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Building permits in South Dakota
- Housing units permitted, summed over counties6,017
- Permitted construction value$1.41 bn
- Units permitted per 1,000 households16.5
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
SBA loan charge-off rates in South Dakota
- 7(a) charge-off rate over resolved loans7.10 percent
- Resolved 7(a) loans behind that rate269
- 7(a) loans charged off19
- 504 charge-off rate over resolved loans3.50 percent
- Resolved 504 loans behind that rate373
- 504 loans charged off13
Of the 269 South Dakota 7(a) loans that have reached a final outcome, 7.10 percent were charged off. The rate is taken over loans resolved in a window starting in FY2020, so it leans toward early outcomes and is not a lifetime loss rate.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates →
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How large is South Dakota?
- Land area, summed over counties75,811 sq mi
- County-equivalents66
- People per square mile, county records12
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Which are the largest counties in South Dakota?
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minnehaha County | 203,289 | $76,880 | 6,262 | $22.45 bn | 723 |
| Pennington County | 113,512 | $74,517 | 4,137 | $8.69 bn | 337 |
| Lincoln County | 70,638 | $99,166 | 2,184 | $8.82 bn | 268 |
| Brown County | 37,877 | $70,898 | 1,245 | $3.16 bn | 56 |
| Brookings County | 35,353 | $70,064 | 958 | $3.06 bn | 74 |
| Meade County | 30,546 | $74,790 | 805 | $1.30 bn | 69 |
| Codington County | 28,767 | $72,727 | 1,210 | $2.11 bn | 90 |
| Lawrence County | 27,233 | $73,384 | 1,248 | $1.85 bn | 121 |
| Yankton County | 23,414 | $72,821 | 707 | $1.76 bn | 29 |
| Davison County | 19,952 | $66,208 | 727 | $1.72 bn | 33 |
Counties
All 66 South Dakota county-equivalents, resolved locally.
Select a county
Every county opens a page carrying its own demographics, growth and migration, economic output, employment and wages, business establishments by industry, construction, SBA lending and charge off record, geography and hazard.
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals | Land area, sq mi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aurora County | 2,642 | $72,885 | 78 | $155.8 m | 4 | 708 |
| Beadle County | 19,309 | $67,681 | 573 | $1.24 bn | 21 | 1,259 |
| Bennett County | 3,345 | $53,750 | 60 | $142.7 m | None recorded | 1,185 |
| Bon Homme County | 7,044 | $64,435 | 176 | $284.4 m | 6 | 564 |
| Brookings County | 35,353 | $70,064 | 958 | $3.06 bn | 74 | 792 |
| Brown County | 37,877 | $70,898 | 1,245 | $3.16 bn | 56 | 1,713 |
| Brule County | 5,283 | $73,720 | 222 | $335.7 m | 4 | 817 |
| Buffalo County | 1,808 | $47,045 | 11 | $95.5 m | None recorded | 471 |
| Butte County | 10,676 | $75,652 | 380 | $474.8 m | 23 | 2,250 |
| Campbell County | 1,593 | $68,929 | 56 | $103.5 m | 1 | 734 |
| Charles Mix County | 9,281 | $64,038 | 299 | $599.6 m | 7 | 1,097 |
| Clark County | 3,917 | $70,726 | 125 | $337.4 m | 3 | 958 |
| Clay County | 15,219 | $56,850 | 298 | $877.1 m | 25 | 412 |
| Codington County | 28,767 | $72,727 | 1,210 | $2.11 bn | 90 | 688 |
| Corson County | 3,806 | $46,406 | 39 | $121.1 m | 3 | 2,470 |
| Custer County | 8,892 | $84,112 | 327 | $397.6 m | 33 | 1,557 |
| Davison County | 19,952 | $66,208 | 727 | $1.72 bn | 33 | 436 |
| Day County | 5,437 | $66,033 | 226 | $380.7 m | 4 | 1,028 |
| Deuel County | 4,328 | $83,112 | 143 | $553.0 m | 9 | 623 |
| Dewey County | 5,205 | $54,104 | 103 | $270.6 m | 1 | 2,302 |
| Douglas County | 2,828 | $86,442 | 101 | $269.0 m | 5 | 432 |
| Edmunds County | 4,048 | $81,630 | 116 | $257.3 m | None recorded | 1,126 |
| Fall River County | 7,258 | $67,917 | 209 | $372.0 m | 13 | 1,740 |
| Faulk County | 2,126 | $57,750 | 64 | $169.3 m | 2 | 982 |
| Grant County | 7,563 | $75,028 | 284 | $831.0 m | 13 | 681 |
| Gregory County | 4,016 | $62,917 | 180 | $237.7 m | 2 | 1,015 |
| Haakon County | 1,722 | $65,625 | 82 | $132.8 m | 3 | 1,811 |
| Hamlin County | 6,373 | $87,101 | 213 | $424.8 m | 14 | 507 |
| Hand County | 3,140 | $74,635 | 135 | $282.4 m | 2 | 1,437 |
| Hanson County | 3,472 | $81,071 | 90 | $217.2 m | 2 | 435 |
| Harding County | 1,148 | $80,441 | 43 | $90.7 m | 1 | 2,671 |
| Hughes County | 17,664 | $81,395 | 632 | $1.66 bn | 40 | 742 |
| Hutchinson County | 7,404 | $73,977 | 239 | $555.5 m | 12 | 813 |
| Hyde County | 1,191 | $73,472 | 40 | $173.0 m | 4 | 861 |
| Jackson County | 2,802 | $35,417 | 53 | $107.2 m | 1 | 1,864 |
| Jerauld County | 1,772 | $73,750 | 71 | $171.8 m | 2 | 526 |
| Jones County | 1,004 | $65,119 | 43 | $85.5 m | 4 | 970 |
| Kingsbury County | 5,244 | $74,000 | 188 | $370.0 m | 12 | 832 |
| Lake County | 10,972 | $76,808 | 339 | $934.4 m | 15 | 563 |
| Lawrence County | 27,233 | $73,384 | 1,248 | $1.85 bn | 121 | 800 |
| Lincoln County | 70,638 | $99,166 | 2,184 | $8.82 bn | 268 | 577 |
| Lyman County | 3,724 | $67,143 | 87 | $194.3 m | 2 | 1,642 |
| Marshall County | 4,344 | $78,156 | 140 | $453.8 m | 5 | 838 |
| McCook County | 5,751 | $83,852 | 184 | $406.2 m | 19 | 574 |
| McPherson County | 2,145 | $66,906 | 73 | $141.0 m | None recorded | 1,137 |
| Meade County | 30,546 | $74,790 | 805 | $1.30 bn | 69 | 3,471 |
| Mellette County | 1,943 | $54,076 | 21 | $71.1 m | 1 | 1,307 |
| Miner County | 2,300 | $76,140 | 73 | $176.7 m | 2 | 570 |
| Minnehaha County | 203,289 | $76,880 | 6,262 | $22.45 bn | 723 | 807 |
| Moody County | 6,397 | $78,427 | 158 | $485.8 m | 8 | 519 |
| Oglala Lakota County | 13,491 | $41,417 | 84 | $432.7 m | None recorded | 2,094 |
| Pennington County | 113,512 | $74,517 | 4,137 | $8.69 bn | 337 | 2,777 |
| Perkins County | 3,001 | $66,908 | 113 | $175.6 m | 3 | 2,870 |
| Potter County | 2,388 | $72,045 | 97 | $149.2 m | 6 | 861 |
| Roberts County | 10,221 | $65,130 | 231 | $563.0 m | 7 | 1,101 |
| Sanborn County | 2,384 | $78,750 | 58 | $157.6 m | 1 | 569 |
| Spink County | 6,219 | $70,139 | 197 | $549.1 m | 12 | 1,504 |
| Stanley County | 3,015 | $87,712 | 119 | $186.1 m | 14 | 1,444 |
| Sully County | 1,526 | $72,578 | 67 | $108.4 m | None recorded | 1,007 |
| Todd County | 9,244 | $42,075 | 59 | $312.8 m | None recorded | 1,389 |
| Tripp County | 5,611 | $58,987 | 200 | $353.2 m | 1 | 1,612 |
| Turner County | 8,882 | $75,771 | 261 | $612.7 m | 17 | 617 |
| Union County | 17,081 | $89,636 | 555 | $2.26 bn | 46 | 461 |
| Walworth County | 5,271 | $65,026 | 210 | $319.3 m | 4 | 709 |
| Yankton County | 23,414 | $72,821 | 707 | $1.76 bn | 29 | 521 |
| Ziebach County | 2,377 | $53,958 | 31 | $56.1 m | None recorded | 1,961 |
A statement appears on this page only where a published document, or arithmetic over published data, supports it. How this page was built →
Questions
South Dakota questions, answered from this page.
What is the population of South Dakota?
The Census Bureau estimates 924,669 residents on July 1, 2024 (Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024).
What is the unemployment rate in South Dakota?
2.0 percent in August 2026, preliminary, seasonally adjusted, as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
How many SBA 7(a) loans were approved in South Dakota?
985 loans with a project in South Dakota, counted by MMCG Analytics from the SBA's 7(a) loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30.
How many counties does South Dakota have?
66. Each has a page on this site covering population, income, business establishments, employment and wages, building permits, SBA lending and hazard records.
The register