Alabama commercial real estate data, county by county.
The Census Bureau estimates 5,157,699 residents in Alabama on July 1, 2024. Every one of its 67 county-equivalents has a data page built from federal sources, each figure carrying its publisher and the period it describes.
- Population, July 1, 2024
- 5,157,699
- Households
- 1,997,247
- Median household income
- $63,999
- Gross domestic product, 2025
- $341.15 bn
- Unemployment rate
- 3.4 percent
Census Bureau population estimates and 2020 Census
How many people live in Alabama, and is the population growing?
- Population, July 1, 20245,157,699
- Population, April 1, 2020 estimates base5,025,369
- Change since the 2020 base2.63 percent
- Rank by population among the 50 states and DC24th of 51
- Rank by growth since 2020 among the 50 states and DC18th of 51
- Share of residents in urban areas, 202057.7 percent
Net domestic and international migration, by year to July 1
- 2021: domestic +25,175, international +1,804
- 2022: domestic +28,226, international +8,155
- 2023: domestic +29,946, international +12,995
- 2024: domestic +26,028, international +15,763
Change since 2020 is MMCG Analytics arithmetic on the two published estimates; ranks order the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure; the urban share divides the published urban count by the published total.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024. US Census Bureau, 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics, table P2. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Alabama.
Census Bureau American Community Survey
Who lives in Alabama?
- Households1,997,247
- Median household income$63,999
- Median age39.3 years
- Residents under 1822.2 percent
- Residents 65 and over17.8 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor's degree or higher28.4 percent
- Median home value$209,900
- Median gross rent, per month$1,007
The three shares are MMCG Analytics arithmetic on published counts: the survey's age groups under 18 and 65 and over, and its degree counts, each divided by the published total.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020 to 2024. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Alabama.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
How many people are working in Alabama?
- Labor force2,362,622
- Employed2,282,055
- Unemployed80,567
- Unemployment rate3.4 percent
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, August 2026, preliminary. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Alabama.
Bureau of Economic Analysis, gross domestic product by state
How large is the Alabama economy?
- Gross domestic product, 2025$341.15 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2024$325.35 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2023$309.54 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2022$286.87 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2021$260.32 bn
- Rank by 2025 gross domestic product among the 50 states and DC26th of 51
The rank orders the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional accounts, table SAGDP2, 2021 to 2025. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Alabama.
SBA 7(a) and 504 loan records
How active is SBA lending in Alabama?
- 7(a) loans approved, FY2020 to FY20262,767
- 7(a) approval dollars, FY2020 to FY2026$1.81 bn
- Rank by 7(a) loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2020 to FY202634th of 51
- 504 loans approved, FY2010 to FY20261,251
- 504 approval dollars, FY2010 to FY2026$940.0 m
- Rank by 504 loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2010 to FY202627th of 51
Most active 7(a) lenders, by loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026
- The Huntington National Bank: 198 loans
- Newtek Bank, National Association: 189 loans
- Northeast Bank: 157 loans
- Wells Fargo Bank National Association: 147 loans
- Live Oak Banking Company: 131 loans
Most active Certified Development Companies, by 504 loans, FY2010 to FY2026
- Southern Development Council: 504 loans
- Birmingham Citywide Local Development Company: 352 loans
- Florida Business Development Corporation: 282 loans
- Florida First Capital Finance Corporation, Inc.: 91 loans
- SBA CLSC Servicing: 7 loans
Industries with the most 7(a) loans, FY2020 to FY2026
- Full-Service Restaurants: 147 loans
- Limited-Service Restaurants: 136 loans
- Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels: 97 loans
- Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production: 69 loans
- Insurance Agencies and Brokerages: 58 loans
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics arithmetic over the SBA's loan-level records whose project state is Alabama: counts of records, sums of the gross approval amount, and ranks among the 50 states and the District of Columbia. These are approvals, not disbursements or balances.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA loan records, FY2010 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Alabama.
FEMA NFIP Community Status Book and EPA radon zones
How do flood insurance and radon screening stand in Alabama?
- Communities participating in the NFIP434
- Communities earning a Community Rating System discount, classes 1 to 912
- Counties in EPA radon zone 1, the highest predicted level13
- Counties in EPA radon zone 233
- Counties in EPA radon zone 321
Communities by Community Rating System class (class 1 earns the largest discount, class 10 none)
- Class 5: 1
- Class 6: 2
- Class 7: 6
- Class 8: 3
- Class 10: 7
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics counting over the agency's own list: FEMA's community rows for the state, and the state's county records by EPA radon zone. Radon zones are county-wide predictions, never a site measurement.
FEMA, NFIP Community Status Book, as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Alabama.
What do jobs in Alabama pay, county by county?
- Combined county product, 2024$325.35 bn
- Covered employment, summed over counties2,022,242
- Average annual pay, weighted by county employment$60,926
The average annual pay of $60,926 is weighted by each county's covered employment, not averaged across counties, so a large labor market counts for more than a small one.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, through 2024. US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How many businesses are in Alabama?
- Business establishments, summed over counties104,998
- Establishments per 1,000 residents of those counties20.6
- Employment at those establishments1,745,638
- Annual payroll$96.75 bn
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Building permits in Alabama
- Housing units permitted, summed over counties20,725
- Permitted construction value$5.40 bn
- Units permitted per 1,000 households10.4
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
SBA loan charge-off rates in Alabama
- 7(a) charge-off rate over resolved loans11.30 percent
- Resolved 7(a) loans behind that rate417
- 7(a) loans charged off47
- 504 charge-off rate over resolved loans6.00 percent
- Resolved 504 loans behind that rate430
- 504 loans charged off26
Of the 417 Alabama 7(a) loans that have reached a final outcome, 11.30 percent were charged off. The rate is taken over loans resolved in a window starting in FY2020, so it leans toward early outcomes and is not a lifetime loss rate.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates →
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How large is Alabama?
- Land area, summed over counties50,649 sq mi
- County-equivalents67
- People per square mile, county records100
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Which are the largest counties in Alabama?
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jefferson County | 667,755 | $66,388 | 16,989 | $65.54 bn | 855 |
| Mobile County | 412,590 | $58,880 | 8,960 | $30.12 bn | 347 |
| Madison County | 405,718 | $86,499 | 9,295 | $38.96 bn | 393 |
| Baldwin County | 246,989 | $78,775 | 6,409 | $13.45 bn | 308 |
| Tuscaloosa County | 237,552 | $66,231 | 4,189 | $14.45 bn | 150 |
| Shelby County | 230,211 | $97,961 | 5,610 | $17.33 bn | 300 |
| Montgomery County | 226,718 | $59,386 | 5,584 | $19.86 bn | 178 |
| Lee County | 181,134 | $65,824 | 3,377 | $9.27 bn | 179 |
| Morgan County | 124,471 | $68,845 | 2,684 | $8.39 bn | 76 |
| Calhoun County | 116,090 | $55,029 | 2,232 | $6.29 bn | 67 |
Counties
All 67 Alabama county-equivalents, resolved locally.
Select a county
Every county opens a page carrying its own demographics, growth and migration, economic output, employment and wages, business establishments by industry, construction, SBA lending and charge off record, geography and hazard.
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals | Land area, sq mi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autauga County | 59,947 | $72,481 | 968 | $2.25 bn | 38 | 594 |
| Baldwin County | 246,989 | $78,775 | 6,409 | $13.45 bn | 308 | 1,590 |
| Barbour County | 24,643 | $46,042 | 412 | $985.8 m | 18 | 885 |
| Bibb County | 22,130 | $52,541 | 313 | $642.4 m | 10 | 623 |
| Blount County | 59,518 | $64,190 | 777 | $1.53 bn | 13 | 645 |
| Bullock County | 10,058 | $31,310 | 109 | $375.4 m | 4 | 623 |
| Butler County | 18,630 | $44,755 | 432 | $903.8 m | 18 | 777 |
| Calhoun County | 116,090 | $55,029 | 2,232 | $6.29 bn | 67 | 606 |
| Chambers County | 34,192 | $49,656 | 572 | $1.24 bn | 29 | 597 |
| Cherokee County | 25,443 | $53,863 | 391 | $796.7 m | 19 | 554 |
| Chilton County | 45,992 | $65,603 | 806 | $1.66 bn | 19 | 693 |
| Choctaw County | 12,380 | $47,813 | 243 | $727.6 m | 1 | 914 |
| Clarke County | 22,543 | $49,249 | 581 | $1.13 bn | 17 | 1,238 |
| Clay County | 14,192 | $55,250 | 192 | $576.7 m | 10 | 604 |
| Cleburne County | 15,426 | $55,345 | 186 | $463.6 m | 11 | 560 |
| Coffee County | 54,920 | $68,353 | 1,022 | $2.32 bn | 31 | 679 |
| Colbert County | 58,022 | $60,628 | 1,268 | $3.56 bn | 15 | 593 |
| Conecuh County | 11,275 | $41,327 | 204 | $507.2 m | 7 | 850 |
| Coosa County | 10,300 | $57,355 | 97 | $252.4 m | None recorded | 651 |
| Covington County | 37,628 | $52,456 | 864 | $1.66 bn | 22 | 1,030 |
| Crenshaw County | 13,122 | $48,560 | 221 | $606.4 m | 9 | 609 |
| Cullman County | 90,566 | $62,656 | 1,867 | $4.28 bn | 71 | 735 |
| Dale County | 49,599 | $54,963 | 716 | $3.92 bn | 23 | 561 |
| Dallas County | 36,858 | $35,627 | 651 | $1.72 bn | 12 | 979 |
| DeKalb County | 72,269 | $51,204 | 1,165 | $3.06 bn | 67 | 777 |
| Elmore County | 89,526 | $78,243 | 1,305 | $3.12 bn | 37 | 618 |
| Escambia County | 36,629 | $48,225 | 755 | $1.69 bn | 22 | 945 |
| Etowah County | 103,105 | $54,563 | 1,954 | $4.03 bn | 45 | 535 |
| Fayette County | 16,053 | $49,488 | 277 | $480.2 m | 6 | 628 |
| Franklin County | 31,966 | $53,338 | 539 | $1.34 bn | 8 | 634 |
| Geneva County | 26,887 | $52,771 | 424 | $827.5 m | 17 | 574 |
| Greene County | 7,424 | $29,200 | 90 | $283.3 m | None recorded | 647 |
| Hale County | 14,829 | $39,250 | 183 | $385.5 m | 4 | 644 |
| Henry County | 17,647 | $59,931 | 311 | $681.0 m | 5 | 562 |
| Houston County | 108,140 | $58,626 | 2,859 | $8.04 bn | 96 | 580 |
| Jackson County | 53,053 | $51,908 | 876 | $2.14 bn | 20 | 1,078 |
| Jefferson County | 667,755 | $66,388 | 16,989 | $65.54 bn | 855 | 1,111 |
| Lamar County | 13,693 | $50,000 | 243 | $473.5 m | None recorded | 605 |
| Lauderdale County | 95,830 | $62,649 | 2,053 | $3.93 bn | 34 | 668 |
| Lawrence County | 33,276 | $66,071 | 408 | $864.5 m | 7 | 691 |
| Lee County | 181,134 | $65,824 | 3,377 | $9.27 bn | 179 | 608 |
| Limestone County | 111,233 | $83,629 | 1,629 | $6.97 bn | 53 | 560 |
| Lowndes County | 9,833 | $37,052 | 113 | $537.8 m | 2 | 716 |
| Macon County | 18,691 | $43,707 | 196 | $764.9 m | 9 | 609 |
| Madison County | 405,718 | $86,499 | 9,295 | $38.96 bn | 393 | 802 |
| Marengo County | 18,851 | $43,825 | 446 | $1.11 bn | 4 | 977 |
| Marion County | 29,184 | $50,088 | 546 | $1.33 bn | 7 | 742 |
| Marshall County | 99,748 | $62,571 | 2,010 | $5.28 bn | 72 | 566 |
| Mobile County | 412,590 | $58,880 | 8,960 | $30.12 bn | 347 | 1,229 |
| Monroe County | 19,388 | $42,292 | 382 | $848.1 m | 7 | 1,026 |
| Montgomery County | 226,718 | $59,386 | 5,584 | $19.86 bn | 178 | 784 |
| Morgan County | 124,471 | $68,845 | 2,684 | $8.39 bn | 76 | 579 |
| Perry County | 8,031 | $37,654 | 117 | $260.0 m | 1 | 720 |
| Pickens County | 18,721 | $46,274 | 243 | $568.8 m | 5 | 881 |
| Pike County | 32,987 | $48,677 | 650 | $2.07 bn | 24 | 672 |
| Randolph County | 22,510 | $52,338 | 364 | $690.2 m | 20 | 581 |
| Russell County | 58,811 | $51,197 | 850 | $2.31 bn | 22 | 641 |
| Shelby County | 230,211 | $97,961 | 5,610 | $17.33 bn | 300 | 785 |
| St. Clair County | 94,166 | $77,463 | 1,454 | $3.16 bn | 65 | 632 |
| Sumter County | 11,878 | $33,310 | 204 | $451.4 m | 9 | 904 |
| Talladega County | 81,021 | $57,776 | 1,256 | $4.50 bn | 23 | 737 |
| Tallapoosa County | 40,938 | $59,356 | 823 | $1.91 bn | 30 | 717 |
| Tuscaloosa County | 237,552 | $66,231 | 4,189 | $14.45 bn | 150 | 1,322 |
| Walker County | 64,841 | $56,509 | 1,251 | $2.57 bn | 37 | 791 |
| Washington County | 15,143 | $61,042 | 220 | $1.30 bn | 3 | 1,080 |
| Wilcox County | 10,172 | $40,640 | 169 | $472.6 m | 2 | 888 |
| Winston County | 23,682 | $57,256 | 412 | $1.14 bn | 4 | 613 |
A statement appears on this page only where a published document, or arithmetic over published data, supports it. How this page was built →
Questions
Alabama questions, answered from this page.
What is the population of Alabama?
The Census Bureau estimates 5,157,699 residents on July 1, 2024 (Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024).
What is the unemployment rate in Alabama?
3.4 percent in August 2026, preliminary, seasonally adjusted, as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
How many SBA 7(a) loans were approved in Alabama?
2,767 loans with a project in Alabama, counted by MMCG Analytics from the SBA's 7(a) loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30.
How many counties does Alabama have?
67. Each has a page on this site covering population, income, business establishments, employment and wages, building permits, SBA lending and hazard records.
The register