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Iowa commercial real estate data, county by county.

The Census Bureau estimates 3,241,488 residents in Iowa on July 1, 2024. Every one of its 99 county-equivalents has a data page built from federal sources, each figure carrying its publisher and the period it describes.

Population, July 1, 2024
3,241,488
Households
1,315,707
Median household income
$75,059
Gross domestic product, 2025
$277.11 bn
Unemployment rate
3.2 percent

Iowa statutes

What drives the Iowa economy, and how is business taxed?

State sales tax and local option tax

Iowa Code chapter 423 is titled the Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Act. A separate chapter, 423B, titled Local Option Taxes, includes a section titled Authorization, election, imposition and repeal, and a section titled Local sales and services tax.

Source: Iowa Legislature, Legislative Services Agency, Iowa Code - 2026, retrieved 26 September 2026.

Economic Development Authority chapter incentive provisions

Iowa Code chapter 15 is titled Economic Development Authority. It includes a section titled Eligible business, a section titled New jobs credit from withholding, a section titled Value-added property tax exemption, and a section titled Exemption from taxation for machinery, equipment, and computers.

Source: Iowa Legislature, Legislative Services Agency, Iowa Code - 2026, retrieved 26 September 2026.

Commercial and industrial property assessment

Commercial and industrial property in Iowa is assessed under a two tier formula rather than a single flat ratio. The portion of a property's actual value up to one hundred fifty thousand dollars is assessed at the same percentage that applies to residential property that year, and the portion above one hundred fifty thousand dollars is assessed at ninety percent of actual value.

Source: Iowa Legislature, Legislative Services Agency, Iowa Code 2026, Section 441.21, retrieved 26 September 2026.

Census Bureau population estimates and 2020 Census

How many people live in Iowa, and is the population growing?

  • Population, July 1, 20243,241,488
  • Population, April 1, 2020 estimates base3,190,546
  • Change since the 2020 base1.60 percent
  • Rank by population among the 50 states and DC32nd of 51
  • Rank by growth since 2020 among the 50 states and DC30th of 51
  • Share of residents in urban areas, 202063.2 percent

Net domestic and international migration, by year to July 1

  • 2021: domestic +1,944, international +3,701
  • 2022: domestic -6,290, international +10,340
  • 2023: domestic -3,674, international +16,114
  • 2024: domestic -231, international +19,439

Change since 2020 is MMCG Analytics arithmetic on the two published estimates; ranks order the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure; the urban share divides the published urban count by the published total.

US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024. US Census Bureau, 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics, table P2. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Iowa.

Census Bureau American Community Survey

Who lives in Iowa?

  • Households1,315,707
  • Median household income$75,059
  • Median age38.6 years
  • Residents under 1822.9 percent
  • Residents 65 and over18.1 percent
  • Adults 25 and over with a bachelor's degree or higher31.4 percent
  • Median home value$208,000
  • Median gross rent, per month$972

The three shares are MMCG Analytics arithmetic on published counts: the survey's age groups under 18 and 65 and over, and its degree counts, each divided by the published total.

US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020 to 2024. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Iowa.

Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics

How many people are working in Iowa?

  • Labor force1,724,263
  • Employed1,669,600
  • Unemployed54,663
  • Unemployment rate3.2 percent

US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, August 2026, preliminary. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Iowa.

Bureau of Economic Analysis, gross domestic product by state

How large is the Iowa economy?

  • Gross domestic product, 2025$277.11 bn
  • Gross domestic product, 2024$265.79 bn
  • Gross domestic product, 2023$253.17 bn
  • Gross domestic product, 2022$244.16 bn
  • Gross domestic product, 2021$225.06 bn
  • Rank by 2025 gross domestic product among the 50 states and DC31st of 51

The rank orders the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure.

US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional accounts, table SAGDP2, 2021 to 2025. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Iowa.

SBA 7(a) and 504 loan records

How active is SBA lending in Iowa?

  • 7(a) loans approved, FY2020 to FY20262,460
  • 7(a) approval dollars, FY2020 to FY2026$1.06 bn
  • Rank by 7(a) loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2020 to FY202635th of 51
  • 504 loans approved, FY2010 to FY20261,269
  • 504 approval dollars, FY2010 to FY2026$860.6 m
  • Rank by 504 loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2010 to FY202625th of 51

Most active 7(a) lenders, by loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026

  • U.S. Bank, National Association: 294 loans
  • Lincoln Savings Bank: 144 loans
  • Farmers State Bank: 136 loans
  • Community 1st CU: 80 loans
  • Northwest Bank: 74 loans

Most active Certified Development Companies, by 504 loans, FY2010 to FY2026

  • Iowa Business Growth Company: 506 loans
  • Siouxland Economic Development Corporation: 287 loans
  • Black Hawk Economic Development, Inc.: 191 loans
  • E.C.I.A. Business Growth, Inc.: 87 loans
  • Pivotal Business Partners: 60 loans

Industries with the most 7(a) loans, FY2020 to FY2026

  • Full-Service Restaurants: 154 loans
  • Fitness and Recreational Sports Centers: 90 loans
  • Limited-Service Restaurants: 81 loans
  • Offices of Chiropractors: 64 loans
  • Landscaping Services: 54 loans

Every figure here is MMCG Analytics arithmetic over the SBA's loan-level records whose project state is Iowa: counts of records, sums of the gross approval amount, and ranks among the 50 states and the District of Columbia. These are approvals, not disbursements or balances.

US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA loan records, FY2010 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Iowa.

FEMA NFIP Community Status Book and EPA radon zones

How do flood insurance and radon screening stand in Iowa?

  • Communities participating in the NFIP769
  • Communities earning a Community Rating System discount, classes 1 to 915
  • Counties in EPA radon zone 1, the highest predicted level99
  • Counties in EPA radon zone 20
  • Counties in EPA radon zone 30

Communities by Community Rating System class (class 1 earns the largest discount, class 10 none)

  • Class 4: 1
  • Class 5: 2
  • Class 6: 2
  • Class 7: 5
  • Class 8: 1
  • Class 9: 4

Every figure here is MMCG Analytics counting over the agency's own list: FEMA's community rows for the state, and the state's county records by EPA radon zone. Radon zones are county-wide predictions, never a site measurement.

FEMA, NFIP Community Status Book, as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Iowa.

What do jobs in Iowa pay, county by county?

  • Combined county product, 2024$265.79 bn
  • Covered employment, summed over counties1,554,895
  • Average annual pay, weighted by county employment$61,193

The average annual pay of $61,193 is weighted by each county's covered employment, not averaged across counties, so a large labor market counts for more than a small one.

US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, through 2024. US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.

How many businesses are in Iowa?

  • Business establishments, summed over counties82,731
  • Establishments per 1,000 residents of those counties25.8
  • Employment at those establishments1,361,814
  • Annual payroll$76.74 bn

US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.

Building permits in Iowa

  • Housing units permitted, summed over counties12,544
  • Permitted construction value$3.40 bn
  • Units permitted per 1,000 households9.5

US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.

SBA loan charge-off rates in Iowa

  • 7(a) charge-off rate over resolved loans5.40 percent
  • Resolved 7(a) loans behind that rate606
  • 7(a) loans charged off33
  • 504 charge-off rate over resolved loans2.80 percent
  • Resolved 504 loans behind that rate435
  • 504 loans charged off12

Of the 606 Iowa 7(a) loans that have reached a final outcome, 5.40 percent were charged off. The rate is taken over loans resolved in a window starting in FY2020, so it leans toward early outcomes and is not a lifetime loss rate.

Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates →

US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.

How large is Iowa?

  • Land area, summed over counties55,857 sq mi
  • County-equivalents99
  • People per square mile, county records57

US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.

Which are the largest counties in Iowa?

Iowa county-equivalents by population, with the figures a site search compares them on
GeographyPopulationMedian incomeEstablishmentsCounty GDPSBA approvals
Polk County503,175$83,57613,890$63.82 bn824
Linn County230,004$77,6495,744$21.90 bn338
Scott County174,608$78,2774,525$13.29 bn215
Johnson County156,639$74,9353,490$12.64 bn132
Black Hawk County131,049$66,4173,105$10.04 bn200
Dallas County107,968$102,3792,521$11.11 bn154
Woodbury County106,247$73,6582,622$7.03 bn97
Story County100,466$69,6852,162$7.79 bn91
Dubuque County99,030$77,6302,804$9.16 bn99
Pottawattamie County93,424$73,6021,920$6.26 bn80

Counties

All 99 Iowa county-equivalents, resolved locally.

Iowa counties. Select a county to open its site intelligence page.Audubon CountyBremer CountyBuena Vista CountyCedar CountyClarke CountyClinton CountyCrawford CountyDelaware CountyEmmet CountyFloyd CountyHamilton CountyHenry CountyIowa CountyJones CountyLinn CountyMadison CountyMarion CountyMontgomery CountyO'Brien CountyPocahontas CountySac CountyStory CountyUnion CountyWarren CountyWorth CountyAdair CountyDecatur CountyDubuque CountyFranklin CountyGrundy CountyGuthrie CountyHoward CountyIda CountyJefferson CountyJohnson CountyKeokuk CountyLee CountyMarshall CountyMills CountyMonroe CountyMuscatine CountyPage CountyPolk CountyPottawattamie CountyRinggold CountyScott CountyTama CountyVan Buren CountyWashington CountyWinnebago CountyWoodbury CountyDickinson CountyPlymouth CountyAppanoose CountyBenton CountyBoone CountyBuchanan CountyButler CountyCarroll CountyCerro Gordo CountyClay CountyClayton CountyDallas CountyDes Moines CountyGreene CountyHancock CountyHumboldt CountyJasper CountyLouisa CountyMitchell CountyPalo Alto CountyPoweshiek CountyShelby CountyWapello CountyWebster CountyWright CountyAdams CountyBlack Hawk CountyCalhoun CountyCherokee CountyAllamakee CountyDavis CountyFayette CountyFremont CountyHardin CountyHarrison CountyJackson CountyKossuth CountyLyon CountyMonona CountyOsceola CountySioux CountyTaylor CountyWayne CountyWinneshiek CountyLucas CountyCass CountyChickasaw CountyMahaska County

Select a county

Every county opens a page carrying its own demographics, growth and migration, economic output, employment and wages, business establishments by industry, construction, SBA lending and charge off record, geography and hazard.

Iowa counties: population, income, establishments and SBA activity
GeographyPopulationMedian incomeEstablishmentsCounty GDPSBA approvalsLand area, sq mi
Adair County7,460$68,092208$662.6 m3569
Adams County3,622$71,87598$265.9 mNone recorded423
Allamakee County14,092$70,694365$780.2 m4639
Appanoose County12,184$54,934302$518.5 m29497
Audubon County5,599$58,229184$472.6 mNone recorded443
Benton County25,724$86,962535$1.14 bn26716
Black Hawk County131,049$66,4173,105$10.04 bn200566
Boone County26,668$83,531603$1.29 bn32572
Bremer County25,204$86,784552$1.58 bn35435
Buchanan County20,694$78,236490$1.09 bn18571
Buena Vista County20,753$71,719491$1.94 bn13575
Butler County14,268$73,715324$705.3 m10580
Calhoun County9,803$64,964280$559.9 m8570
Carroll County20,594$72,930827$1.84 bn23569
Cass County13,096$63,013444$990.9 m2564
Cedar County18,349$80,602460$811.5 m24579
Cerro Gordo County42,632$68,1891,357$3.73 bn84568
Cherokee County11,600$71,269340$1.09 bn11577
Chickasaw County11,807$75,675353$1.09 bn15504
Clarke County9,662$71,641188$638.9 m4431
Clay County16,461$65,428570$1.54 bn28567
Clayton County17,013$67,242487$1.18 bn8779
Clinton County46,268$66,9811,122$2.95 bn62695
Crawford County16,277$67,027415$1.12 bn18714
Dallas County107,968$102,3792,521$11.11 bn154588
Davis County9,157$77,194179$407.3 m10502
Decatur County7,759$59,044146$277.6 m2532
Delaware County17,558$74,989522$1.26 bn19578
Des Moines County38,487$62,9281,065$2.92 bn18416
Dickinson County17,990$75,432784$1.53 bn64381
Dubuque County99,030$77,6302,804$9.16 bn99608
Emmet County9,262$63,730268$519.1 m7396
Fayette County19,288$60,165524$1.07 bn18731
Floyd County15,328$68,557371$1.17 bn23501
Franklin County9,956$59,894285$789.8 m7582
Fremont County6,514$71,621190$394.1 m4511
Greene County8,688$63,409252$720.8 m3570
Grundy County12,384$87,205299$731.7 m15502
Guthrie County10,688$77,711313$752.5 m14591
Hamilton County14,886$72,432367$1.12 bn8577
Hancock County10,671$70,601302$1.20 bn17571
Hardin County16,639$65,069499$1.14 bn7569
Harrison County14,632$79,535338$674.6 m9697
Henry County20,004$67,436482$1.15 bn17434
Howard County9,445$67,446270$727.4 m3473
Humboldt County9,591$71,946305$598.2 m15434
Ida County6,911$63,073244$745.6 m26432
Iowa County16,507$71,223459$1.27 bn15586
Jackson County19,390$74,186515$906.7 m9636
Jasper County37,954$71,311767$1.52 bn36730
Jefferson County15,705$61,620608$911.3 m13436
Johnson County156,639$74,9353,490$12.64 bn132614
Jones County20,896$73,531514$858.3 m23576
Keokuk County9,924$62,329236$442.6 m12579
Kossuth County14,516$67,697536$1.40 bn10973
Lee County32,893$62,382786$2.26 bn6518
Linn County230,004$77,6495,744$21.90 bn338717
Louisa County10,678$77,354211$930.4 m3402
Lucas County8,716$61,793187$362.4 mNone recorded431
Lyon County12,162$76,746402$1.43 bn34588
Madison County16,926$90,855435$684.3 m16561
Mahaska County22,021$70,940538$1.19 bn18571
Marion County33,642$78,680859$2.88 bn35555
Marshall County40,114$73,315786$2.32 bn13573
Mills County14,568$90,753331$645.3 m11437
Mitchell County10,575$71,365302$994.8 m12469
Monona County8,557$68,377228$462.0 m5694
Monroe County7,513$70,996183$619.0 m12434
Montgomery County10,214$63,666294$557.2 m9424
Muscatine County42,559$69,396949$3.24 bn35437
O'Brien County14,126$68,356488$1.25 bn14573
Osceola County6,100$69,239192$602.1 m4399
Page County15,131$57,953404$810.6 m5535
Palo Alto County8,863$72,781272$796.3 m12564
Plymouth County25,747$83,251667$2.00 bn29863
Pocahontas County7,046$61,875200$641.7 m7577
Polk County503,175$83,57613,890$63.82 bn824574
Pottawattamie County93,424$73,6021,920$6.26 bn80950
Poweshiek County18,545$67,391571$1.65 bn13585
Ringgold County4,645$73,346131$233.7 m7535
Sac County9,689$73,838321$793.7 m6575
Scott County174,608$78,2774,525$13.29 bn215458
Shelby County11,778$72,738384$1.05 bn10591
Sioux County36,212$86,0981,345$3.92 bn52768
Story County100,466$69,6852,162$7.79 bn91573
Tama County16,868$70,781282$847.9 m12721
Taylor County5,868$67,740140$375.9 m5532
Union County11,993$57,772305$964.9 m9424
Van Buren County7,241$61,161149$295.0 m7485
Wapello County35,362$64,766699$2.16 bn33432
Warren County54,409$94,5881,020$1.89 bn103570
Washington County22,561$75,647687$1.86 bn19569
Wayne County6,532$61,964143$316.5 m3525
Webster County36,886$68,975997$2.76 bn30716
Winnebago County10,583$67,642300$690.1 m7400
Winneshiek County19,873$79,066604$1.35 bn12690
Woodbury County106,247$73,6582,622$7.03 bn97873
Worth County7,350$78,008163$485.0 m5400
Wright County12,791$67,190358$1.25 bn5580

A statement appears on this page only where a published document, or arithmetic over published data, supports it. How this page was built →

Questions

Iowa questions, answered from this page.

What is the population of Iowa?

The Census Bureau estimates 3,241,488 residents on July 1, 2024 (Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024).

What is the unemployment rate in Iowa?

3.2 percent in August 2026, preliminary, seasonally adjusted, as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

How many SBA 7(a) loans were approved in Iowa?

2,460 loans with a project in Iowa, counted by MMCG Analytics from the SBA's 7(a) loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30.

How many counties does Iowa have?

99. Each has a page on this site covering population, income, business establishments, employment and wages, building permits, SBA lending and hazard records.

The register

Every source behind this page and its 99 county pages.

SourcePeriod coveredLicense
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, state totals (NST-EST2024-ALLDATA)Vintage 2024Public domain
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, state tables B01001, B01002, B01003, B11001, B15003, B19013, B25064, B250772020 to 2024, 5-yearPublic domain
US Census Bureau, 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics File, table P2, urban and rural2020 CensusPublic domain
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional accounts, table SAGDP2, gross domestic product by state, millions of current dollars2021 to 2025Public domain
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, statewide series, seasonally adjustedAugust 2026, preliminaryPublic domain
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA loan-level dataFY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30Public domain
US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA loan-level dataFY2010 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30Public domain
Federal Emergency Management Agency, NFIP Community Status Book (OpenFEMA NfipCommunityStatusBook)as of 2026-09-26Public domain
US Environmental Protection Agency, Map of Radon Zones, county list2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001Public domain
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2CAGDP2, through 2024Public domain
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary verticesTIGER county boundariesPublic domain
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns2023Public domain
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages2024 annual averagesPublic domain
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey2024 annualPublic domain
US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows2021 to 2022 filing yearsPublic domain
All statesHow a county page is builtFeasibility studies