Vermont commercial real estate data, county by county.
The Census Bureau estimates 648,493 residents in Vermont on July 1, 2024. Every one of its 14 county-equivalents has a data page built from federal sources, each figure carrying its publisher and the period it describes.
- Population, July 1, 2024
- 648,493
- Households
- 273,416
- Median household income
- $81,203
- Gross domestic product, 2025
- $48.35 bn
- Unemployment rate
- 2.6 percent
publisher documents
What changes the underwriting in Vermont?
Act 250 land use review
Act 250 is Vermont's land use and development law. It provides a public, quasi-judicial process for reviewing and managing the environmental, social and fiscal consequences of major development in Vermont through the issuance of land use permits. Act 250 district commissions consider municipal plans under criterion 10. Act 250 does not apply to energy transmission and generation development, and both Act 250 and the Certificate of Public Good process require conformance with the duly adopted municipal plan.
Source: National Laboratory of the Rockies / U.S. Department of Energy (OpenEI RAPID Toolkit), Information current as of 2023, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Certificate of Public Good for energy facilities
No company or person may begin site preparation for an energy generation facility or electric transmission facility at any voltage unless the Vermont Public Utility Commission first finds the project serves the public good and issues a Certificate of Public Good. A developer must submit proposed project plans 45 days before filing a Petition, or at least 21 days before filing if the project is only the relocation of transmission facilities, and affected municipal and regional planning commissions must make any recommendations to the Commission and the developer at least seven days before that filing. Any interested person may appeal a Certificate of Public Good decision within thirty days to the Vermont Supreme Court.
- Pre-filing notice period45 days
- Pre-filing notice period for transmission relocation projects21 days
- Minimum days before Petition filing for planning commission recommendations7 days
- Appeal window to the Vermont Supreme Court30 days
Source: National Laboratory of the Rockies / U.S. Department of Energy (OpenEI RAPID Toolkit), Information current as of 2020, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Stream Alteration Permit
The Agency of Natural Resources, Department of Environmental Conservation manages surface water in Vermont, which is regulated in the public interest to protect its natural flow. A developer may need a Stream Alteration Permit if a project changes, alters, or modifies the course, current, or cross section of a stream, by movement, fill, or excavation of ten cubic yards or more of instream material in any year. Activities regulated under 10 V.S.A. Section 1083 do not need a Stream Alteration Permit, and a project whose 401 Water Quality Certification conditions the stream alteration protections would not need an additional Stream Alteration Permit.
- a developer may need a Stream Alteration Permit if a project moves, fills, or excavates ten cubic yards or more of instream material in a stream in a year
- activities regulated under 10 V.S.A. Section 1083 do not need a Stream Alteration Permit
- a project whose 401 Water Quality Certification conditions the stream alteration protections would not need an additional Stream Alteration Permit
Source: National Laboratory of the Rockies / U.S. Department of Energy (OpenEI RAPID Toolkit), Information current as of 2023, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Census Bureau population estimates and 2020 Census
How many people live in Vermont, and is the population growing?
- Population, July 1, 2024648,493
- Population, April 1, 2020 estimates base643,082
- Change since the 2020 base0.84 percent
- Rank by population among the 50 states and DC50th of 51
- Rank by growth since 2020 among the 50 states and DC39th of 51
- Share of residents in urban areas, 202035.1 percent
Net domestic and international migration, by year to July 1
- 2021: domestic +4,871, international +415
- 2022: domestic +1,095, international +1,929
- 2023: domestic +773, international +1,649
- 2024: domestic -511, international +2,024
Change since 2020 is MMCG Analytics arithmetic on the two published estimates; ranks order the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure; the urban share divides the published urban count by the published total.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024. US Census Bureau, 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics, table P2. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Vermont.
Census Bureau American Community Survey
Who lives in Vermont?
- Households273,416
- Median household income$81,203
- Median age43.1 years
- Residents under 1817.9 percent
- Residents 65 and over21.4 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor's degree or higher43.8 percent
- Median home value$316,600
- Median gross rent, per month$1,234
The three shares are MMCG Analytics arithmetic on published counts: the survey's age groups under 18 and 65 and over, and its degree counts, each divided by the published total.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020 to 2024. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Vermont.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
How many people are working in Vermont?
- Labor force337,925
- Employed329,224
- Unemployed8,701
- Unemployment rate2.6 percent
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, August 2026, preliminary. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Vermont.
Bureau of Economic Analysis, gross domestic product by state
How large is the Vermont economy?
- Gross domestic product, 2025$48.35 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2024$46.28 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2023$43.93 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2022$41.21 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2021$37.29 bn
- Rank by 2025 gross domestic product among the 50 states and DC51st of 51
The rank orders the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional accounts, table SAGDP2, 2021 to 2025. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Vermont.
SBA 7(a) and 504 loan records
How active is SBA lending in Vermont?
- 7(a) loans approved, FY2020 to FY20261,092
- 7(a) approval dollars, FY2020 to FY2026$275.7 m
- Rank by 7(a) loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2020 to FY202645th of 51
- 504 loans approved, FY2010 to FY2026338
- 504 approval dollars, FY2010 to FY2026$194.9 m
- Rank by 504 loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2010 to FY202644th of 51
Most active 7(a) lenders, by loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026
- Community National Bank: 177 loans
- TD Bank, National Association: 149 loans
- Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company: 130 loans
- Heritage Family FCU: 63 loans
- EastRise Federal Credit Union: 60 loans
Most active Certified Development Companies, by 504 loans, FY2010 to FY2026
- Granite State Economic Development Corporation: 284 loans
- Vermont 504 Corporation: 25 loans
- Bay Colony Development Corporation: 17 loans
- New England Certified Development Corporation: 11 loans
- Capital Regional Development Council: 1 loan
Industries with the most 7(a) loans, FY2020 to FY2026
- Landscaping Services: 61 loans
- Full-Service Restaurants: 50 loans
- General Freight Trucking, Local: 31 loans
- New Single-Family Housing Construction (except For-Sale Builders): 25 loans
- Residential Remodelers: 23 loans
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics arithmetic over the SBA's loan-level records whose project state is Vermont: counts of records, sums of the gross approval amount, and ranks among the 50 states and the District of Columbia. These are approvals, not disbursements or balances.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA loan records, FY2010 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Vermont.
FEMA NFIP Community Status Book and EPA radon zones
How do flood insurance and radon screening stand in Vermont?
- Communities participating in the NFIP247
- Communities earning a Community Rating System discount, classes 1 to 96
- Counties in EPA radon zone 1, the highest predicted level0
- Counties in EPA radon zone 212
- Counties in EPA radon zone 32
Communities by Community Rating System class (class 1 earns the largest discount, class 10 none)
- Class 7: 1
- Class 8: 3
- Class 9: 2
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics counting over the agency's own list: FEMA's community rows for the state, and the state's county records by EPA radon zone. Radon zones are county-wide predictions, never a site measurement.
FEMA, NFIP Community Status Book, as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Vermont.
What do jobs in Vermont pay, county by county?
- Combined county product, 2024$46.28 bn
- Covered employment, summed over counties300,042
- Average annual pay, weighted by county employment$64,610
The average annual pay of $64,610 is weighted by each county's covered employment, not averaged across counties, so a large labor market counts for more than a small one.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, through 2024. US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How many businesses are in Vermont?
- Business establishments, summed over counties20,512
- Establishments per 1,000 residents of those counties31.7
- Employment at those establishments252,126
- Annual payroll$14.00 bn
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Building permits in Vermont
- Housing units permitted, summed over counties2,654
- Permitted construction value$674.7 m
- Units permitted per 1,000 households9.7
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
SBA loan charge-off rates in Vermont
- 7(a) charge-off rate over resolved loans3.20 percent
- Resolved 7(a) loans behind that rate309
- 7(a) loans charged off10
- 504 charge-off rate over resolved loans2.70 percent
- Resolved 504 loans behind that rate112
- 504 loans charged off3
Of the 309 Vermont 7(a) loans that have reached a final outcome, 3.20 percent were charged off. The rate is taken over loans resolved in a window starting in FY2020, so it leans toward early outcomes and is not a lifetime loss rate.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates →
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How large is Vermont?
- Land area, summed over counties9,217 sq mi
- County-equivalents14
- People per square mile, county records70
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Which are the largest counties in Vermont?
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chittenden County | 169,758 | $96,759 | 5,665 | $16.40 bn | 411 |
| Rutland County | 60,425 | $68,616 | 1,945 | $3.79 bn | 123 |
| Washington County | 60,017 | $83,449 | 2,118 | $5.19 bn | 174 |
| Windsor County | 57,990 | $77,594 | 1,926 | $3.76 bn | 96 |
| Franklin County | 50,638 | $81,313 | 1,101 | $2.86 bn | 96 |
| Windham County | 45,923 | $72,217 | 1,657 | $3.10 bn | 100 |
| Addison County | 37,664 | $89,639 | 1,158 | $2.31 bn | 55 |
| Bennington County | 37,269 | $73,325 | 1,258 | $2.38 bn | 71 |
| Caledonia County | 30,475 | $69,970 | 913 | $1.64 bn | 66 |
| Orange County | 29,761 | $82,232 | 711 | $1.19 bn | 72 |
Counties
All 14 Vermont county-equivalents, resolved locally.
Select a county
Every county opens a page carrying its own demographics, growth and migration, economic output, employment and wages, business establishments by industry, construction, SBA lending and charge off record, geography and hazard.
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals | Land area, sq mi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Addison County | 37,664 | $89,639 | 1,158 | $2.31 bn | 55 | 766 |
| Bennington County | 37,269 | $73,325 | 1,258 | $2.38 bn | 71 | 675 |
| Caledonia County | 30,475 | $69,970 | 913 | $1.64 bn | 66 | 649 |
| Chittenden County | 169,758 | $96,759 | 5,665 | $16.40 bn | 411 | 537 |
| Essex County | 5,982 | $59,294 | 107 | $182.9 m | 2 | 664 |
| Franklin County | 50,638 | $81,313 | 1,101 | $2.86 bn | 96 | 634 |
| Grand Isle County | 7,450 | $97,396 | 170 | $265.0 m | 14 | 82 |
| Lamoille County | 26,148 | $74,908 | 1,001 | $1.65 bn | 82 | 459 |
| Orange County | 29,761 | $82,232 | 711 | $1.19 bn | 72 | 687 |
| Orleans County | 27,606 | $70,103 | 782 | $1.56 bn | 68 | 693 |
| Rutland County | 60,425 | $68,616 | 1,945 | $3.79 bn | 123 | 930 |
| Washington County | 60,017 | $83,449 | 2,118 | $5.19 bn | 174 | 687 |
| Windham County | 45,923 | $72,217 | 1,657 | $3.10 bn | 100 | 785 |
| Windsor County | 57,990 | $77,594 | 1,926 | $3.76 bn | 96 | 969 |
A statement appears on this page only where a published document, or arithmetic over published data, supports it. How this page was built →
Questions
Vermont questions, answered from this page.
What is the population of Vermont?
The Census Bureau estimates 648,493 residents on July 1, 2024 (Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024).
What is the unemployment rate in Vermont?
2.6 percent in August 2026, preliminary, seasonally adjusted, as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
How many SBA 7(a) loans were approved in Vermont?
1,092 loans with a project in Vermont, counted by MMCG Analytics from the SBA's 7(a) loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30.
How many counties does Vermont have?
14. Each has a page on this site covering population, income, business establishments, employment and wages, building permits, SBA lending and hazard records.
The register