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Wisconsin commercial real estate data, county by county.
The Census Bureau estimates 5,960,975 residents in Wisconsin on July 1, 2024. Every one of its 72 county-equivalents has a data page built from federal sources, each figure carrying its publisher and the period it describes.
- Population, July 1, 2024
- 5,960,975
- Households
- 2,479,480
- Median household income
- $77,485
- Gross domestic product, 2025
- $473.04 bn
- Unemployment rate
- 3.2 percent
Wisconsin agency publications
What drives the Wisconsin economy, and how is business taxed?
LLC nonresident member withholding rate
Wisconsin requires an LLC classified as a partnership or tax-option S corporation to withhold income or franchise tax on income allocable to nonresident members. The withholding rate for nonresident members that are partnerships, LLCs, or corporations is 7.9 percent, based on laws enacted as of January 6, 2026.
Source: Wisconsin Department of Revenue, Publication 119 (01/26), retrieved 26 September 2026.
State and local sales tax
Wisconsin's state sales tax is 5 percent. Seventy counties have adopted an additional 0.5 percent county tax, Milwaukee County's county tax is 0.9 percent, and the City of Milwaukee separately adds its own 2 percent city sales tax, both effective January 1, 2024.
Source: Wisconsin Department of Revenue, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Major class assessment compliance
The Wisconsin Department of Revenue's Major Class Comparison Report measures a municipality's assessment compliance by whether each major class of property is within 10 percent of the Department's own base value for that class in the same year. Class 4 (Agricultural) is not treated as a major class under state law.
Source: Wisconsin Department of Revenue, 2025 Final Major Class Comparison Report, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Wisconsin agency publications
What does Wisconsin law require before a site is developed?
Zoning enabling statutes
Wisconsin gives cities and villages zoning power under section 62.23(7), counties under section 59.69, and towns under section 60.61 or 60.62 of the state statutes.
Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration, Division of Intergovernmental Relations, August 14, 2023, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Comprehensive plan consistency
Wisconsin's Comprehensive Planning Law requires an adopted plan to be updated no less than once every 10 years, and requires zoning, subdivision, and official mapping ordinance changes to be consistent with the plan.
Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Environmental policy act reach
The Wisconsin Environmental Policy Act, created in 1972 as section 1.11 of the state statutes, requires state agencies to weigh environmental impacts before certain actions, but by the Department of Natural Resources' own account it does not apply to local governments or private entities directly.
Source: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, retrieved 26 September 2026.
Census Bureau population estimates and 2020 Census
How many people live in Wisconsin, and is the population growing?
- Population, July 1, 20245,960,975
- Population, April 1, 2020 estimates base5,894,170
- Change since the 2020 base1.13 percent
- Rank by population among the 50 states and DC20th of 51
- Rank by growth since 2020 among the 50 states and DC36th of 51
- Share of residents in urban areas, 202067.1 percent
Net domestic and international migration, by year to July 1
- 2021: domestic -18,603, international +3,189
- 2022: domestic +7,502, international +19,693
- 2023: domestic +7,685, international +18,247
- 2024: domestic +6,332, international +22,146
Change since 2020 is MMCG Analytics arithmetic on the two published estimates; ranks order the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure; the urban share divides the published urban count by the published total.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024. US Census Bureau, 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics, table P2. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Wisconsin.
Census Bureau American Community Survey
Who lives in Wisconsin?
- Households2,479,480
- Median household income$77,485
- Median age40.2 years
- Residents under 1821.4 percent
- Residents 65 and over18.5 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor's degree or higher33.4 percent
- Median home value$266,500
- Median gross rent, per month$1,087
The three shares are MMCG Analytics arithmetic on published counts: the survey's age groups under 18 and 65 and over, and its degree counts, each divided by the published total.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020 to 2024. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Wisconsin.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
How many people are working in Wisconsin?
- Labor force3,148,250
- Employed3,046,167
- Unemployed102,083
- Unemployment rate3.2 percent
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, August 2026, preliminary. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Wisconsin.
Bureau of Economic Analysis, gross domestic product by state
How large is the Wisconsin economy?
- Gross domestic product, 2025$473.04 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2024$453.30 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2023$431.91 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2022$403.57 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2021$369.00 bn
- Rank by 2025 gross domestic product among the 50 states and DC21st of 51
The rank orders the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional accounts, table SAGDP2, 2021 to 2025. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Wisconsin.
SBA 7(a) and 504 loan records
How active is SBA lending in Wisconsin?
- 7(a) loans approved, FY2020 to FY20267,071
- 7(a) approval dollars, FY2020 to FY2026$3.66 bn
- Rank by 7(a) loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2020 to FY202618th of 51
- 504 loans approved, FY2010 to FY20263,450
- 504 approval dollars, FY2010 to FY2026$2.84 bn
- Rank by 504 loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2010 to FY20269th of 51
Most active 7(a) lenders, by loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026
- U.S. Bank, National Association: 601 loans
- The Huntington National Bank: 346 loans
- Nicolet National Bank: 342 loans
- Bank First, N.A.: 308 loans
- Summit CU: 248 loans
Most active Certified Development Companies, by 504 loans, FY2010 to FY2026
- WBD, Inc.: 3,039 loans
- Racine County Economic Development Corporation: 253 loans
- Twin Cities-Metro Certified Development Company: 47 loans
- Amplio Economic Development Corporation: 33 loans
- Midwest Business Finance Corporation: 29 loans
Industries with the most 7(a) loans, FY2020 to FY2026
- Full-Service Restaurants: 324 loans
- Limited-Service Restaurants: 198 loans
- Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages): 157 loans
- Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors: 156 loans
- Landscaping Services: 147 loans
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics arithmetic over the SBA's loan-level records whose project state is Wisconsin: counts of records, sums of the gross approval amount, and ranks among the 50 states and the District of Columbia. These are approvals, not disbursements or balances.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA loan records, FY2010 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Wisconsin.
FEMA NFIP Community Status Book and EPA radon zones
How do flood insurance and radon screening stand in Wisconsin?
- Communities participating in the NFIP572
- Communities earning a Community Rating System discount, classes 1 to 916
- Counties in EPA radon zone 1, the highest predicted level28
- Counties in EPA radon zone 244
- Counties in EPA radon zone 30
Communities by Community Rating System class (class 1 earns the largest discount, class 10 none)
- Class 5: 2
- Class 6: 3
- Class 7: 7
- Class 8: 3
- Class 9: 1
- Class 10: 1
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics counting over the agency's own list: FEMA's community rows for the state, and the state's county records by EPA radon zone. Radon zones are county-wide predictions, never a site measurement.
FEMA, NFIP Community Status Book, as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for Wisconsin.
What do jobs in Wisconsin pay, county by county?
- Combined county product, 2024$453.30 bn
- Covered employment, summed over counties2,834,617
- Average annual pay, weighted by county employment$62,128
The average annual pay of $62,128 is weighted by each county's covered employment, not averaged across counties, so a large labor market counts for more than a small one.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, through 2024. US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How many businesses are in Wisconsin?
- Business establishments, summed over counties143,981
- Establishments per 1,000 residents of those counties24.3
- Employment at those establishments2,563,953
- Annual payroll$156.14 bn
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Building permits in Wisconsin
- Housing units permitted, summed over counties23,826
- Permitted construction value$6.85 bn
- Units permitted per 1,000 households9.6
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
SBA loan charge-off rates in Wisconsin
- 7(a) charge-off rate over resolved loans5.60 percent
- Resolved 7(a) loans behind that rate1,675
- 7(a) loans charged off93
- 504 charge-off rate over resolved loans2.60 percent
- Resolved 504 loans behind that rate1,057
- 504 loans charged off27
Of the 1,675 Wisconsin 7(a) loans that have reached a final outcome, 5.60 percent were charged off. The rate is taken over loans resolved in a window starting in FY2020, so it leans toward early outcomes and is not a lifetime loss rate.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates →
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How large is Wisconsin?
- Land area, summed over counties54,163 sq mi
- County-equivalents72
- People per square mile, county records109
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Which are the largest counties in Wisconsin?
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Milwaukee County | 926,331 | $64,435 | 20,466 | $78.80 bn | 1,327 |
| Dane County | 572,674 | $89,975 | 14,765 | $62.81 bn | 1,082 |
| Waukesha County | 411,762 | $106,076 | 12,761 | $42.03 bn | 1,134 |
| Brown County | 270,892 | $79,649 | 6,722 | $25.71 bn | 533 |
| Racine County | 197,532 | $78,096 | 4,114 | $11.72 bn | 390 |
| Outagamie County | 192,826 | $85,069 | 5,304 | $17.22 bn | 413 |
| Winnebago County | 171,769 | $74,925 | 3,784 | $13.88 bn | 279 |
| Kenosha County | 168,438 | $81,239 | 3,403 | $10.43 bn | 269 |
| Rock County | 164,350 | $75,673 | 3,362 | $10.85 bn | 146 |
| Marathon County | 138,403 | $77,884 | 3,436 | $11.88 bn | 240 |
Counties
All 72 Wisconsin county-equivalents, resolved locally.
Select a county
Every county opens a page carrying its own demographics, growth and migration, economic output, employment and wages, business establishments by industry, construction, SBA lending and charge off record, geography and hazard.
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals | Land area, sq mi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adams County | 21,123 | $59,442 | 346 | $760.9 m | 23 | 646 |
| Ashland County | 16,080 | $62,462 | 491 | $929.1 m | 33 | 1,045 |
| Barron County | 46,797 | $65,933 | 1,340 | $2.99 bn | 98 | 863 |
| Bayfield County | 16,575 | $71,151 | 469 | $586.8 m | 19 | 1,478 |
| Brown County | 270,892 | $79,649 | 6,722 | $25.71 bn | 533 | 530 |
| Buffalo County | 13,393 | $70,479 | 312 | $730.9 m | 21 | 672 |
| Burnett County | 16,916 | $62,819 | 411 | $750.9 m | 33 | 822 |
| Calumet County | 52,942 | $88,810 | 968 | $2.31 bn | 48 | 318 |
| Chippewa County | 66,799 | $74,680 | 1,660 | $3.85 bn | 133 | 1,008 |
| Clark County | 34,739 | $67,400 | 779 | $1.92 bn | 46 | 1,210 |
| Columbia County | 58,272 | $85,351 | 1,432 | $4.27 bn | 132 | 766 |
| Crawford County | 16,042 | $64,094 | 379 | $902.4 m | 24 | 571 |
| Dane County | 572,674 | $89,975 | 14,765 | $62.81 bn | 1,082 | 1,197 |
| Dodge County | 88,742 | $75,929 | 1,693 | $5.05 bn | 76 | 876 |
| Door County | 30,445 | $74,795 | 1,292 | $2.00 bn | 86 | 482 |
| Douglas County | 44,229 | $75,099 | 998 | $2.40 bn | 62 | 1,304 |
| Dunn County | 45,527 | $74,824 | 915 | $2.58 bn | 81 | 850 |
| Eau Claire County | 107,116 | $74,546 | 2,753 | $8.43 bn | 259 | 638 |
| Florence County | 4,646 | $61,086 | 108 | $172.0 m | 9 | 488 |
| Fond du Lac County | 104,137 | $74,275 | 2,227 | $6.75 bn | 149 | 720 |
| Forest County | 9,369 | $61,071 | 227 | $430.3 m | 12 | 1,014 |
| Grant County | 51,770 | $66,858 | 1,177 | $3.00 bn | 34 | 1,147 |
| Green County | 37,017 | $82,852 | 1,012 | $2.50 bn | 34 | 584 |
| Green Lake County | 19,263 | $68,196 | 463 | $904.2 m | 25 | 349 |
| Iowa County | 23,867 | $82,182 | 582 | $1.66 bn | 20 | 763 |
| Iron County | 6,210 | $60,625 | 193 | $235.3 m | 11 | 758 |
| Jackson County | 20,981 | $68,110 | 400 | $1.37 bn | 16 | 988 |
| Jefferson County | 86,003 | $83,750 | 2,058 | $4.92 bn | 116 | 556 |
| Juneau County | 26,689 | $67,270 | 541 | $1.23 bn | 49 | 767 |
| Kenosha County | 168,438 | $81,239 | 3,403 | $10.43 bn | 269 | 272 |
| Kewaunee County | 20,664 | $82,725 | 465 | $1.08 bn | 34 | 343 |
| La Crosse County | 120,488 | $73,013 | 3,151 | $9.93 bn | 267 | 452 |
| Lafayette County | 16,942 | $76,462 | 348 | $931.9 m | 3 | 634 |
| Langlade County | 19,490 | $55,878 | 562 | $1.01 bn | 18 | 871 |
| Lincoln County | 28,426 | $68,164 | 686 | $1.74 bn | 30 | 879 |
| Manitowoc County | 81,406 | $69,148 | 1,726 | $5.40 bn | 171 | 589 |
| Marathon County | 138,403 | $77,884 | 3,436 | $11.88 bn | 240 | 1,545 |
| Marinette County | 42,046 | $63,809 | 1,054 | $2.38 bn | 70 | 1,399 |
| Marquette County | 15,746 | $65,681 | 278 | $587.6 m | 23 | 456 |
| Menominee County | 4,252 | $62,108 | 26 | $219.2 m | None recorded | 358 |
| Milwaukee County | 926,331 | $64,435 | 20,466 | $78.80 bn | 1,327 | 241 |
| Monroe County | 46,208 | $69,467 | 967 | $3.01 bn | 62 | 901 |
| Oconto County | 39,589 | $75,049 | 781 | $1.35 bn | 39 | 998 |
| Oneida County | 38,167 | $69,371 | 1,387 | $2.43 bn | 61 | 1,113 |
| Outagamie County | 192,826 | $85,069 | 5,304 | $17.22 bn | 413 | 638 |
| Ozaukee County | 92,966 | $96,996 | 2,832 | $7.07 bn | 225 | 233 |
| Pepin County | 7,431 | $75,256 | 209 | $384.6 m | 20 | 232 |
| Pierce County | 42,584 | $92,109 | 788 | $1.54 bn | 87 | 574 |
| Polk County | 45,555 | $77,219 | 1,163 | $2.19 bn | 129 | 914 |
| Portage County | 70,832 | $76,070 | 1,715 | $5.84 bn | 76 | 801 |
| Price County | 14,092 | $60,546 | 369 | $742.9 m | 37 | 1,254 |
| Racine County | 197,532 | $78,096 | 4,114 | $11.72 bn | 390 | 333 |
| Richland County | 17,205 | $66,420 | 377 | $1.00 bn | 11 | 586 |
| Rock County | 164,350 | $75,673 | 3,362 | $10.85 bn | 146 | 718 |
| Rusk County | 14,179 | $59,944 | 321 | $726.8 m | 28 | 914 |
| Sauk County | 66,009 | $79,541 | 1,876 | $5.58 bn | 90 | 831 |
| Sawyer County | 18,476 | $60,801 | 627 | $966.5 m | 58 | 1,257 |
| Shawano County | 41,039 | $66,479 | 892 | $1.74 bn | 33 | 893 |
| Sheboygan County | 117,991 | $73,094 | 2,671 | $9.43 bn | 308 | 511 |
| St. Croix County | 96,033 | $103,046 | 2,422 | $6.01 bn | 382 | 722 |
| Taylor County | 20,024 | $69,350 | 482 | $1.11 bn | 25 | 975 |
| Trempealeau County | 30,839 | $76,313 | 651 | $1.89 bn | 56 | 733 |
| Vernon County | 31,049 | $71,893 | 686 | $1.54 bn | 33 | 792 |
| Vilas County | 23,647 | $68,431 | 961 | $1.34 bn | 55 | 857 |
| Walworth County | 105,657 | $80,520 | 2,829 | $6.42 bn | 195 | 555 |
| Washburn County | 16,854 | $63,441 | 499 | $799.5 m | 24 | 797 |
| Washington County | 137,879 | $96,359 | 3,427 | $9.20 bn | 276 | 431 |
| Waukesha County | 411,762 | $106,076 | 12,761 | $42.03 bn | 1,134 | 550 |
| Waupaca County | 51,569 | $72,830 | 1,199 | $2.51 bn | 51 | 748 |
| Waushara County | 24,868 | $67,107 | 494 | $919.4 m | 23 | 626 |
| Winnebago County | 171,769 | $74,925 | 3,784 | $13.88 bn | 279 | 434 |
| Wood County | 74,004 | $67,989 | 1,717 | $5.26 bn | 59 | 793 |
A statement appears on this page only where a published document, or arithmetic over published data, supports it. How this page was built →
Questions
Wisconsin questions, answered from this page.
What is the population of Wisconsin?
The Census Bureau estimates 5,960,975 residents on July 1, 2024 (Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024).
What is the unemployment rate in Wisconsin?
3.2 percent in August 2026, preliminary, seasonally adjusted, as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
How many SBA 7(a) loans were approved in Wisconsin?
7,071 loans with a project in Wisconsin, counted by MMCG Analytics from the SBA's 7(a) loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30.
How many counties does Wisconsin have?
72. Each has a page on this site covering population, income, business establishments, employment and wages, building permits, SBA lending and hazard records.
The register