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North Dakota commercial real estate data, county by county.
The Census Bureau estimates 796,568 residents in North Dakota on July 1, 2024. Every one of its 53 county-equivalents has a data page built from federal sources, each figure carrying its publisher and the period it describes.
- Population, July 1, 2024
- 796,568
- Households
- 331,063
- Median household income
- $76,657
- Gross domestic product, 2025
- $81.88 bn
- Unemployment rate
- 2.2 percent
Census Bureau population estimates and 2020 Census
How many people live in North Dakota, and is the population growing?
- Population, July 1, 2024796,568
- Population, April 1, 2020 estimates base779,046
- Change since the 2020 base2.25 percent
- Rank by population among the 50 states and DC47th of 51
- Rank by growth since 2020 among the 50 states and DC22nd of 51
- Share of residents in urban areas, 202061.0 percent
Net domestic and international migration, by year to July 1
- 2021: domestic -3,966, international +453
- 2022: domestic -2,667, international +3,287
- 2023: domestic +912, international +4,269
- 2024: domestic -291, international +5,126
Change since 2020 is MMCG Analytics arithmetic on the two published estimates; ranks order the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure; the urban share divides the published urban count by the published total.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024. US Census Bureau, 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics, table P2. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for North Dakota.
Census Bureau American Community Survey
Who lives in North Dakota?
- Households331,063
- Median household income$76,657
- Median age35.9 years
- Residents under 1823.5 percent
- Residents 65 and over16.5 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor's degree or higher32.7 percent
- Median home value$249,900
- Median gross rent, per month$954
The three shares are MMCG Analytics arithmetic on published counts: the survey's age groups under 18 and 65 and over, and its degree counts, each divided by the published total.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020 to 2024. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for North Dakota.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
How many people are working in North Dakota?
- Labor force430,514
- Employed421,012
- Unemployed9,502
- Unemployment rate2.2 percent
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, August 2026, preliminary. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for North Dakota.
Bureau of Economic Analysis, gross domestic product by state
How large is the North Dakota economy?
- Gross domestic product, 2025$81.88 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2024$80.06 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2023$77.90 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2022$75.05 bn
- Gross domestic product, 2021$64.83 bn
- Rank by 2025 gross domestic product among the 50 states and DC47th of 51
The rank orders the 50 states and the District of Columbia by the published figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional accounts, table SAGDP2, 2021 to 2025. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for North Dakota.
SBA 7(a) and 504 loan records
How active is SBA lending in North Dakota?
- 7(a) loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026840
- 7(a) approval dollars, FY2020 to FY2026$388.2 m
- Rank by 7(a) loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2020 to FY202648th of 51
- 504 loans approved, FY2010 to FY2026921
- 504 approval dollars, FY2010 to FY2026$655.3 m
- Rank by 504 loan count among the 50 states and DC, FY2010 to FY202631st of 51
Most active 7(a) lenders, by loans approved, FY2020 to FY2026
- Bravera Bank: 71 loans
- U.S. Bank, National Association: 70 loans
- First Western Bank & Trust: 64 loans
- Old National Bank: 58 loans
- Aspire Bank: 57 loans
Most active Certified Development Companies, by 504 loans, FY2010 to FY2026
- Dakota Business Lending: 556 loans
- Lake Agassiz Certified Development Company: 164 loans
- Lewis & Clark Certified Development Company: 138 loans
- Midwest Business Finance Corporation: 53 loans
- Ally Dakota Development, Inc.: 2 loans
Industries with the most 7(a) loans, FY2020 to FY2026
- Landscaping Services: 31 loans
- Full-Service Restaurants: 29 loans
- Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels: 26 loans
- Limited-Service Restaurants: 24 loans
- All Other Specialty Trade Contractors: 23 loans
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics arithmetic over the SBA's loan-level records whose project state is North Dakota: counts of records, sums of the gross approval amount, and ranks among the 50 states and the District of Columbia. These are approvals, not disbursements or balances.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA loan records, FY2010 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for North Dakota.
FEMA NFIP Community Status Book and EPA radon zones
How do flood insurance and radon screening stand in North Dakota?
- Communities participating in the NFIP361
- Communities earning a Community Rating System discount, classes 1 to 912
- Counties in EPA radon zone 1, the highest predicted level53
- Counties in EPA radon zone 20
- Counties in EPA radon zone 30
Communities by Community Rating System class (class 1 earns the largest discount, class 10 none)
- Class 5: 2
- Class 6: 1
- Class 7: 1
- Class 8: 5
- Class 9: 3
Every figure here is MMCG Analytics counting over the agency's own list: FEMA's community rows for the state, and the state's county records by EPA radon zone. Radon zones are county-wide predictions, never a site measurement.
FEMA, NFIP Community Status Book, as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001. Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics; the rest are the agency's own figures for North Dakota.
What do jobs in North Dakota pay, county by county?
- Combined county product, 2024$80.06 bn
- Covered employment, summed over counties425,364
- Average annual pay, weighted by county employment$65,495
The average annual pay of $65,495 is weighted by each county's covered employment, not averaged across counties, so a large labor market counts for more than a small one.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, through 2024. US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How many businesses are in North Dakota?
- Business establishments, summed over counties25,121
- Establishments per 1,000 residents of those counties32.0
- Employment at those establishments342,567
- Annual payroll$21.21 bn
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Building permits in North Dakota
- Housing units permitted, summed over counties2,319
- Permitted construction value$678.3 m
- Units permitted per 1,000 households7.0
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
SBA loan charge-off rates in North Dakota
- 7(a) charge-off rate over resolved loans2.10 percent
- Resolved 7(a) loans behind that rate292
- 7(a) loans charged off6
- 504 charge-off rate over resolved loans5.00 percent
- Resolved 504 loans behind that rate262
- 504 loans charged off13
Of the 292 North Dakota 7(a) loans that have reached a final outcome, 2.10 percent were charged off. The rate is taken over loans resolved in a window starting in FY2020, so it leans toward early outcomes and is not a lifetime loss rate.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates →
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
How large is North Dakota?
- Land area, summed over counties69,002 sq mi
- County-equivalents53
- People per square mile, county records11
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. Every figure in this section is computed by MMCG Analytics from the county records on this site.
Which are the largest counties in North Dakota?
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cass County | 193,400 | $75,555 | 5,988 | $19.10 bn | 737 |
| Burleigh County | 100,600 | $86,851 | 3,218 | $7.81 bn | 216 |
| Grand Forks County | 72,923 | $68,075 | 1,903 | $5.92 bn | 121 |
| Ward County | 68,973 | $78,238 | 2,043 | $5.09 bn | 127 |
| Williams County | 39,555 | $85,595 | 1,652 | $7.47 bn | 132 |
| Morton County | 33,777 | $79,382 | 895 | $1.98 bn | 55 |
| Stark County | 33,302 | $84,449 | 1,222 | $3.60 bn | 84 |
| Stutsman County | 21,549 | $61,856 | 636 | $1.94 bn | 28 |
| Richland County | 16,584 | $75,432 | 541 | $1.48 bn | 15 |
| McKenzie County | 14,321 | $93,404 | 594 | $4.35 bn | 23 |
Counties
All 53 North Dakota county-equivalents, resolved locally.
Select a county
Every county opens a page carrying its own demographics, growth and migration, economic output, employment and wages, business establishments by industry, construction, SBA lending and charge off record, geography and hazard.
| Geography | Population | Median income | Establishments | County GDP | SBA approvals | Land area, sq mi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adams County | 2,145 | $62,500 | 87 | $169.2 m | 3 | 988 |
| Barnes County | 10,773 | $68,038 | 349 | $853.0 m | 17 | 1,492 |
| Benson County | 5,808 | $64,033 | 79 | $365.5 m | 1 | 1,389 |
| Billings County | 1,024 | $86,806 | 55 | $224.0 m | 3 | 1,149 |
| Bottineau County | 6,378 | $85,000 | 255 | $586.1 m | 12 | 1,668 |
| Bowman County | 2,906 | $72,109 | 148 | $250.5 m | 4 | 1,162 |
| Burke County | 2,156 | $91,591 | 79 | $292.9 m | None recorded | 1,104 |
| Burleigh County | 100,600 | $86,851 | 3,218 | $7.81 bn | 216 | 1,633 |
| Cass County | 193,400 | $75,555 | 5,988 | $19.10 bn | 737 | 1,765 |
| Cavalier County | 3,633 | $69,531 | 135 | $589.2 m | 2 | 1,489 |
| Dickey County | 4,935 | $68,654 | 191 | $518.8 m | 5 | 1,131 |
| Divide County | 2,167 | $91,852 | 82 | $273.4 m | 5 | 1,261 |
| Dunn County | 4,040 | $97,689 | 211 | $1.93 bn | 8 | 2,008 |
| Eddy County | 2,307 | $50,850 | 77 | $221.1 m | None recorded | 630 |
| Emmons County | 3,254 | $66,538 | 108 | $177.6 m | 4 | 1,510 |
| Foster County | 3,358 | $87,831 | 138 | $309.1 m | 2 | 635 |
| Golden Valley County | 1,653 | $68,021 | 65 | $118.3 m | None recorded | 1,001 |
| Grand Forks County | 72,923 | $68,075 | 1,903 | $5.92 bn | 121 | 1,436 |
| Grant County | 2,269 | $57,875 | 82 | $104.5 m | None recorded | 1,659 |
| Griggs County | 2,245 | $61,711 | 82 | $204.1 m | 1 | 709 |
| Hettinger County | 2,432 | $73,026 | 94 | $152.0 m | 3 | 1,132 |
| Kidder County | 2,377 | $65,610 | 92 | $188.7 m | 3 | 1,351 |
| LaMoure County | 4,118 | $80,664 | 154 | $341.1 m | 1 | 1,146 |
| Logan County | 1,819 | $62,750 | 70 | $128.4 m | None recorded | 993 |
| McHenry County | 5,207 | $80,733 | 141 | $278.7 m | None recorded | 1,874 |
| McIntosh County | 2,497 | $64,419 | 121 | $152.4 m | 2 | 975 |
| McKenzie County | 14,321 | $93,404 | 594 | $4.35 bn | 23 | 2,760 |
| McLean County | 9,823 | $83,583 | 257 | $1.02 bn | 11 | 2,111 |
| Mercer County | 8,337 | $80,946 | 248 | $1.19 bn | 18 | 1,043 |
| Morton County | 33,777 | $79,382 | 895 | $1.98 bn | 55 | 1,926 |
| Mountrail County | 9,507 | $80,717 | 363 | $2.28 bn | 18 | 1,825 |
| Nelson County | 3,016 | $67,193 | 128 | $233.9 m | 1 | 982 |
| Oliver County | 1,839 | $77,240 | 47 | $332.4 m | 6 | 723 |
| Pembina County | 6,727 | $68,393 | 264 | $813.4 m | 4 | 1,119 |
| Pierce County | 3,928 | $59,365 | 160 | $267.4 m | 5 | 1,019 |
| Ramsey County | 11,556 | $61,006 | 416 | $883.0 m | 21 | 1,187 |
| Ransom County | 5,643 | $75,736 | 188 | $387.0 m | 12 | 862 |
| Renville County | 2,304 | $74,301 | 109 | $232.1 m | 2 | 877 |
| Richland County | 16,584 | $75,432 | 541 | $1.48 bn | 15 | 1,436 |
| Rolette County | 11,924 | $59,517 | 208 | $595.0 m | 5 | 903 |
| Sargent County | 3,804 | $77,946 | 122 | $1.78 bn | 6 | 859 |
| Sheridan County | 1,303 | $62,639 | 36 | $68.1 m | 1 | 972 |
| Sioux County | 3,740 | $42,083 | 30 | $150.6 m | None recorded | 1,094 |
| Slope County | 766 | $71,250 | 13 | $44.7 m | None recorded | 1,215 |
| Stark County | 33,302 | $84,449 | 1,222 | $3.60 bn | 84 | 1,335 |
| Steele County | 1,804 | $77,500 | 57 | $213.0 m | 3 | 712 |
| Stutsman County | 21,549 | $61,856 | 636 | $1.94 bn | 28 | 2,222 |
| Towner County | 2,079 | $67,350 | 78 | $287.5 m | None recorded | 1,025 |
| Traill County | 7,970 | $87,004 | 280 | $634.0 m | 15 | 862 |
| Walsh County | 10,396 | $71,944 | 362 | $1.03 bn | 15 | 1,282 |
| Ward County | 68,973 | $78,238 | 2,043 | $5.09 bn | 127 | 2,013 |
| Wells County | 3,890 | $66,114 | 168 | $443.7 m | 4 | 1,271 |
| Williams County | 39,555 | $85,595 | 1,652 | $7.47 bn | 132 | 2,077 |
A statement appears on this page only where a published document, or arithmetic over published data, supports it. How this page was built →
Questions
North Dakota questions, answered from this page.
What is the population of North Dakota?
The Census Bureau estimates 796,568 residents on July 1, 2024 (Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024).
What is the unemployment rate in North Dakota?
2.2 percent in August 2026, preliminary, seasonally adjusted, as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
How many SBA 7(a) loans were approved in North Dakota?
840 loans with a project in North Dakota, counted by MMCG Analytics from the SBA's 7(a) loan records, FY2020 to FY2026, records as of 2026-06-30.
How many counties does North Dakota have?
53. Each has a page on this site covering population, income, business establishments, employment and wages, building permits, SBA lending and hazard records.
The register