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Cumberland County, Tennessee: commercial real estate data.
Cumberland County, Tennessee had an estimated 65,618 residents on July 1, 2024, up 7.3 percent since the 2020 census base of 61,145, across 681 square miles. County output reached $2.73 bn in 2024, 1,153 establishments operate here, and the SBA record carries 28 7(a) approvals worth $8.2 m since FY2020.
Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics, not published by the agency.
Cumberland County
How many people live in Cumberland County
- Population, American Community Survey 2020-202463,553
- Households28,195
- Average household size2.25
- Median household income$60,375
- Median age53.5
- Median gross rent$839 per month
- Median owner-occupied home value$250,500
- Home value to household income4.1 times
- Annual rent as a share of median income16.7 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor degree or higher19.1 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a graduate degree7.4 percent
- Adults 25 and over49,349
- Population under 1810,622
- Share under 1816.7 percent
- Population 65 and over20,603
- Share 65 and over32.4 percent
- Working age population, 18 to 6432,328
- Civilian labor force24,821
- Unemployment rate5.1 percent
- Labor force participation, adults 18 and over46.9 percent
- Rank by population among Tennessee counties22nd of 95
- Rank by population among US county-equivalents, Puerto Rico included862nd of 3,222
Cumberland County is the 22nd largest of 95 Tennessee counties by population. A median home costs 4.1 times median household income, which is seriously unaffordable by national standards. Residents 65 and over outnumber those under 18, at 32.4 percent against 16.7 percent, which points demand at health care, services and single story product rather than schools.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Cumberland County
Is Cumberland County's population growing?
- Population, July 1, 202465,618
- Census 2020 base population61,145
- Population change since the 2020 census base7.32 percent
- Population change, 2023 to 2024770
- Births, 2024541
- Deaths, 20241,106
- Natural change, 2024-565
- Net domestic migration, 20241,327
- Net international migration, 20241
- Total net migration, 20241,328
- Cumulative net domestic migration, 2021 to 20246,657
- Rank by growth among US county-equivalents289th of 3,144
The county has grown 7.32 percent since the 2020 census base. Deaths exceeded births in 2024 and the population still grew, so all of the growth came from people moving in. A market held up by migration is more sensitive to a change in relative cost than one growing from household formation.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
Cumberland County
Where are people moving to Cumberland County from?
- Tax returns filed by households arriving2,307
- People arriving, from those returns4,273
- Tax returns filed by households leaving1,385
- Net household movement922
- Adjusted gross income arriving$177.9 m
- Net adjusted gross income movement$105.8 m
- Average income of an arriving household$77,127
- Average income of a leaving household$52,052
- Largest single originPutnam County (124 households)
- Largest single destinationPutnam County (142 households)
| Origin | Households | People | Adjusted gross income |
|---|---|---|---|
| Putnam County | 124 | 223 | $5.1 m |
| Knox County | 57 | 101 | $3.9 m |
| Fentress County | 56 | 97 | $2.4 m |
| White County | 55 | 123 | $2.1 m |
| Roane County | 50 | 116 | $2.8 m |
| Riverside County | 37 | 91 | $3.2 m |
| Cook County | 33 | 49 | $3.0 m |
| Davidson County | 33 | 51 | $2.7 m |
Households arriving report $25,075 more average income than households leaving, so the migration is raising local spending power rather than just moving it around. The largest single source of arrivals is Putnam County, which is the catchment a retail or multifamily study should look at first.
US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Cumberland County
What is the Cumberland County economy?
- County GDP, 2024$2.73 bn
- County GDP, 2023$2.56 bn
- GDP change, 2023 to 20246.8 percent
- GDP change over five years47.5 percent
- Rank by GDP among the Tennessee areas BEA publishes28th of 95
- Rank by GDP among the US county areas BEA publishes1048th of 3,127
- GDP per resident$42,951
Output grew 6.8 percent in the latest year and 47.5 percent over five, which is the trend line a lender will read behind any single year figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, CAGDP2, through 2024.
Cumberland County
Employment by industry in Cumberland County
- Covered employment, annual average19,316
- Establishments reporting1,576
- Average annual pay$45,674
- Average weekly wage$878
- Retail trade, employment3,092
- Retail trade, average annual pay$35,345
- Health care and social assistance, employment2,709
- Health care and social assistance, average annual pay$47,060
- Accommodation and food services, employment1,926
- Accommodation and food services, average annual pay$21,988
- Manufacturing, employment1,887
- Manufacturing, average annual pay$55,211
- Transportation and warehousing, employment1,385
- Administrative and support and waste management services, employment1,377
| Sector | Employment | Establishments | Average annual pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retail trade | 3,092 | 238 | $35,345 |
| Health care and social assistance | 2,709 | 206 | $47,060 |
| Accommodation and food services | 1,926 | 120 | $21,988 |
| Manufacturing | 1,887 | 74 | $55,211 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 1,385 | 49 | $52,339 |
| Administrative and support and waste management services | 1,377 | 74 | $39,634 |
| Construction | 1,008 | 153 | $60,790 |
| Arts, entertainment and recreation | 585 | 19 | $27,508 |
Retail trade is the largest private sector at 3,092 jobs, 16.0 percent of covered employment.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
Cumberland County
How many businesses are in Cumberland County?
- Establishments, all industries1,153
- Employment at those establishments16,494
- Annual payroll$687.9 m
- Establishments per 1,000 residents18.1
These are counts of establishments physically operating in the county, not listings, so they are the supply side a feasibility study measures demand against. County Business Patterns counts private establishments with paid employees in March 2023, while the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages above counts every unemployment-insured employer, public ones included, as a 2024 annual average, so the two establishment and employment counts differ.
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Cumberland County
Building permits in Cumberland County
- Housing units authorized by permit, 2024114
- Declared construction value permitted$23.7 m
- Single family units authorized114
- Multifamily units authorized0
- Multifamily share of units0.0 percent
- Average declared value per unit$207,648
- Units authorized per 1,000 households4.0
Single-family homes are 100.0 percent of units authorized, so the pipeline is predominantly single-family.
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
Cumberland County
SBA loans in Cumberland County (7(a) and 504)
- 7(a) approvals recorded28
- 7(a) gross approval dollars$8.2 m
- Average 7(a) approval$292,618
- Median 7(a) approval$137,500
- 10th percentile approval$23,500
- 90th percentile approval$600,280
- Largest single approval$1,932,100
- Jobs reported supported, 7(a)170
- Jobs per approval6.1
- Distinct 7(a) lenders active12
- Distinct industries receiving approvals22
- Median 7(a) term120 months
- Share of loans on real estate terms, 240 months or longer17.9 percent
- Loans on real estate terms5
- Loans on working capital terms, 120 months or shorter23
- Franchise loans3
- Franchise share of approvals10.7 percent
- Most active lenderU.S. Bank, National Association (12)
- 504 approvals recorded2
- 504 gross approval dollars$999,000
- Average 504 approval$499,500
- Median 504 approval$499,500
- Distinct CDCs active1
- 504 jobs per approval8.0
- 504 jobs per million dollars approved16.0
- Combined SBA approval dollars, 7(a) FY2020 to FY2026 and 504 FY2010 to FY2026$9.2 m
The average approval of $292,618 sits well above the median of $137,500, pulled up by a few larger deals, so the median is the better guide to what a typical borrower here gets. Only 17.9 percent of approvals run on real estate terms, so SBA credit here is mostly working capital and equipment rather than property acquisition.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Cumberland County
SBA loan default and charge-off rates in Cumberland County
Do SBA loans in Cumberland County get paid back?
- Loans with a final outcome recorded3
- Paid in full3
- Charged off0
- Status: Cancelled5
- Status: Exempt from disclosure20
- Status: Paid in full3
Only 3 loans have reached a final outcome, fewer than the 30 a charge-off rate needs, so no rate is published.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates, computed the same way over resolved loans only.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Cumberland County
How large is Cumberland County?
- Land area681 sq mi
- Rank by land area among Tennessee counties4th of 95
- Width, east to west33.2 mi
- Height, north to south27.2 mi
- Geographies sharing a boundary8
- Residents per square mile of land93
- Establishments per square mile1.69
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Cumberland County
Flood risk in Cumberland County
- Participation of the county's own NFIP community Cumberland County, unincorporated areasParticipating, community 470037
- Communities in the county in the NFIP Community Status Book3
- Of those, participating in the NFIP3
- NFIP participation rate100.0 percent
- Communities carrying a CRS class0
- Radon levels in Cumberland County, EPA zone predicted average indoor radon screening level less than 2 pCi/LZone 3
The county's own community in the status book, unincorporated Cumberland County (community 470037), participates in the National Flood Insurance Program and carries no Community Rating System class, so no CRS premium discount applies there. The EPA places Cumberland County in radon zone 3, a predicted average indoor radon screening level less than 2 pCi/L. The zone is a screening prediction for the county and does not substitute for a test at an address. 100.0 percent of the county's listed communities participate in the National Flood Insurance Program, per Federal Emergency Management Agency, NFIP Community Status Book (OpenFEMA), as of 2026-09-26.
Federal Emergency Management Agency, NFIP Community Status Book (OpenFEMA), as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Coverage
What this page does not hold.
Traffic counts, zoning and the flood zone at an address are not on this page; they resolve at the address in the platform. How this page was built →
Feasibility studies
When a Cumberland County site needs a document a lender will accept.
The same data layer behind this page is the one the studies are written from. A study for a Cumberland County site starts with the figures you are reading, carrying the same source and period into the credit file.
- Population, American Community Survey 2020-202463,553
- Households28,195
- Average household size2.25
- Median household income$60,375
- Median age53.5
Common questions
Cumberland County questions, answered from the record.
How many people live in Cumberland County, Tennessee?
The Census Bureau estimates 65,618 residents on July 1, 2024 (US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024). The American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimate is 63,553, in 28,195 households, ranking 22nd of 95 Tennessee counties. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Is Cumberland County's population growing?
The population has grown 7.32 percent since the 2020 census base of 61,145, to 65,618 on July 1, 2024. In 2024 there were 541 births against 1,106 deaths, with net migration of 1,328. Source: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
What is the median household income in Cumberland County?
$60,375. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $250,500, which is 4.1 times income, and median gross rent is $839 per month. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
How many businesses are in Cumberland County?
1,153 establishments, employing 16,494 people with an annual payroll of $687.9 m. These are establishments physically operating in the county, not listings. Source: US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
What is employment by industry in Cumberland County?
Retail trade is the largest private sector at 3,092 jobs, 16.0 percent of covered employment. Covered employment averages 19,316 jobs at an average annual pay of $45,674, or $878 a week. Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
How much SBA lending happens in Cumberland County?
28 7(a) approvals totaling $8.2 m since FY2020, across 12 lenders, with a median approval of $137,500, plus 2 504 approvals worth $999,000 since FY2010. These are approvals recorded in the release, not loans disbursed.
How many building permits were issued in Cumberland County?
114 housing units were authorized by permit in 2024, with a declared construction value of $23.7 m. Multifamily was 0.0 percent of units. Source: US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
What is the radon zone for Cumberland County?
Zone 3, a predicted average indoor radon screening level less than 2 pCi/L. Source: US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Where do people moving to Cumberland County come from?
The largest single origin is Putnam County, with 124 households. Arriving households report an average income of $77,127 against $52,052 for those leaving. Source: US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Are traffic counts available for Cumberland County on this page?
No. Annual average daily traffic resolves in the platform rather than in this dataset, so no AADT figure is printed here. It is a gap we know about rather than a figure we estimated.
Is zoning published for Cumberland County?
No. Nothing on this page presents parcel level zoning, and where a statutory framework applies it is marked as the statewide frame, to be confirmed locally.
Cumberland County
Cities and places in Cumberland.
7 Census places lie wholly or partly in Cumberland County. All 7 carry enough published place level data for a page of their own and are linked.
| Place | Type | Population | SBA 7(a) approvals, projects in this county | Lies in |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crossville | city | 12,428 | 28 | Wholly in this county |
| Fairfield Glade | CDP | 9,487 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Lake Tansi | CDP | 4,437 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Crab Orchard | city | 980 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Pleasant Hill | town | 514 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Bowman | CDP | 422 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Mayland | CDP | 365 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
Nearby