Ingham County, Michigan: commercial real estate data.
Ingham County, Michigan had an estimated 290,427 residents on July 1, 2024, up 1.8 percent since the 2020 census base of 285,230, across 556 square miles. County output reached $23.57 bn in 2024, 6,160 establishments operate here, and the SBA record carries 347 7(a) approvals worth $147.1 m since FY2020.
Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics, not published by the agency.
Ingham County
How many people live in Ingham County
- Population, American Community Survey 2020-2024283,913
- Households117,096
- Average household size2.42
- Median household income$65,526
- Median age33.3
- Median gross rent$1,084 per month
- Median owner-occupied home value$198,800
- Home value to household income3.0 times
- Annual rent as a share of median income19.9 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor degree or higher41.2 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a graduate degree18.1 percent
- Adults 25 and over176,028
- Population under 1855,759
- Share under 1819.6 percent
- Population 65 and over42,210
- Share 65 and over14.9 percent
- Working age population, 18 to 64185,944
- Civilian labor force150,853
- Unemployment rate6.2 percent
- Labor force participation, adults 18 and over66.1 percent
- Rank by population among Michigan counties8th of 83
- Rank by population among US county-equivalents, Puerto Rico included254th of 3,222
Ingham County is the 8th largest of 83 Michigan counties by population. A median home costs 3.0 times median household income, which is affordable by national standards. Residents under 18 outnumber those 65 and over, at 19.6 percent against 14.9 percent, a household formation profile rather than a retirement one.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Ingham County
Is Ingham County's population growing?
- Population, July 1, 2024290,427
- Census 2020 base population285,230
- Population change since the 2020 census base1.82 percent
- Population change, 2023 to 20242,717
- Births, 20242,817
- Deaths, 20242,440
- Natural change, 2024377
- Net domestic migration, 2024-1,559
- Net international migration, 20243,888
- Total net migration, 20242,329
- Cumulative net domestic migration, 2021 to 2024-4,716
- Rank by growth among US county-equivalents1231st of 3,144
The county has grown 1.82 percent since the 2020 census base. The population grew in 2024 from both sources: births exceeded deaths and more people moved in than left.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
Ingham County
Where are people moving to Ingham County from?
- Tax returns filed by households arriving8,146
- People arriving, from those returns12,690
- Tax returns filed by households leaving9,190
- Net household movement-1,044
- Adjusted gross income arriving$410.9 m
- Net adjusted gross income movement$-142.5 m
- Average income of an arriving household$50,440
- Average income of a leaving household$60,220
- Largest single originEaton County (1,427 households)
- Largest single destinationEaton County (1,551 households)
| Origin | Households | People | Adjusted gross income |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eaton County | 1,427 | 2,380 | $58.8 m |
| Clinton County | 790 | 1,183 | $39.2 m |
| Wayne County | 344 | 497 | $16.0 m |
| Oakland County | 339 | 482 | $19.7 m |
| Jackson County | 313 | 506 | $15.6 m |
| Livingston County | 299 | 464 | $13.9 m |
| Kent County | 262 | 353 | $12.1 m |
| Shiawassee County | 217 | 347 | $9.6 m |
Households arriving report $9,780 less average income than households leaving, which drains spending power even where headcount holds up. The largest single source of arrivals is Eaton County, which is the catchment a retail or multifamily study should look at first.
US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Ingham County
What is the Ingham County economy?
- County GDP, 2024$23.57 bn
- County GDP, 2023$22.69 bn
- GDP change, 2023 to 20243.9 percent
- GDP change over five years28.3 percent
- Rank by GDP among the Michigan areas BEA publishes6th of 83
- Rank by GDP among the US county areas BEA publishes232nd of 3,127
- GDP per resident$83,013
Output grew 3.9 percent in the latest year and 28.3 percent over five, which is the trend line a lender will read behind any single year figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, CAGDP2, through 2024.
Ingham County
Employment by industry in Ingham County
- Covered employment, annual average155,500
- Establishments reporting6,868
- Average annual pay$68,532
- Average weekly wage$1,318
- Health care and social assistance, employment24,527
- Health care and social assistance, average annual pay$64,361
- Retail trade, employment12,012
- Retail trade, average annual pay$37,737
- Accommodation and food services, employment10,705
- Accommodation and food services, average annual pay$23,284
- Manufacturing, employment10,106
- Manufacturing, average annual pay$81,443
- Professional, scientific and technical services, employment7,664
- Finance and insurance, employment6,758
| Sector | Employment | Establishments | Average annual pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Health care and social assistance | 24,527 | 837 | $64,361 |
| Retail trade | 12,012 | 824 | $37,737 |
| Accommodation and food services | 10,705 | 576 | $23,284 |
| Manufacturing | 10,106 | 240 | $81,443 |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 7,664 | 928 | $97,319 |
| Finance and insurance | 6,758 | 404 | $91,243 |
| Construction | 6,106 | 412 | $85,651 |
| Other services, except public administration | 6,042 | 688 | $54,450 |
Health care and social assistance is the largest private sector at 24,527 jobs, 15.8 percent of covered employment.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
Ingham County
How many businesses are in Ingham County?
- Establishments, all industries6,160
- Employment at those establishments111,995
- Annual payroll$6.65 bn
- Establishments per 1,000 residents21.7
These are counts of establishments physically operating in the county, not listings, so they are the supply side a feasibility study measures demand against. County Business Patterns counts private establishments with paid employees in March 2023, while the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages above counts every unemployment-insured employer, public ones included, as a 2024 annual average, so the two establishment and employment counts differ.
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Ingham County
Building permits in Ingham County
- Housing units authorized by permit, 2024377
- Declared construction value permitted$85.7 m
- Single family units authorized191
- Multifamily units authorized186
- Multifamily share of units49.3 percent
- Average declared value per unit$227,258
- Units authorized per 1,000 households3.2
Multifamily is 49.3 percent of units authorized, so the pipeline is being built for renters rather than buyers.
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
Ingham County
SBA loans in Ingham County (7(a) and 504)
- 7(a) approvals recorded347
- 7(a) gross approval dollars$147.1 m
- Average 7(a) approval$423,824
- Median 7(a) approval$150,000
- 10th percentile approval$25,000
- 90th percentile approval$1,011,920
- Largest single approval$4,664,000
- Jobs reported supported, 7(a)2,954
- Jobs per approval8.5
- Distinct 7(a) lenders active54
- Distinct industries receiving approvals138
- Median 7(a) term120 months
- Share of loans on real estate terms, 240 months or longer14.4 percent
- Loans on real estate terms50
- Loans on working capital terms, 120 months or shorter271
- Franchise loans23
- Franchise share of approvals6.6 percent
- Leading industry by approval countGeneral Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Truckload (29)
- Most active lenderThe Huntington National Bank (162)
- 504 approvals recorded91
- 504 gross approval dollars$48.6 m
- Average 504 approval$533,692
- Median 504 approval$309,000
- Distinct CDCs active4
- 504 jobs per approval7.1
- 504 jobs per million dollars approved13.3
- Most active CDCMichigan Certified Development Corporation (80)
- Combined SBA approval dollars, 7(a) FY2020 to FY2026 and 504 FY2010 to FY2026$195.6 m
The average approval of $423,824 sits well above the median of $150,000, pulled up by a few larger deals, so the median is the better guide to what a typical borrower here gets. Only 14.4 percent of approvals run on real estate terms, so SBA credit here is mostly working capital and equipment rather than property acquisition.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Ingham County
SBA loan default and charge-off rates in Ingham County
Do SBA loans in Ingham County get paid back?
- Loans with a final outcome recorded53
- Paid in full52
- Charged off1
- Charge-off rate on resolved loans1.9 percent
- Status: Paid in full52
- Status: Exempt from disclosure236
- Status: Cancelled44
- Status: Charged off1
- Status: Committed, not yet disbursed14
Of the 53 loans that have reached a final outcome, 1.9 percent were charged off. This is computed only over resolved loans, because a loan still running has not yet succeeded or failed and counting it either way would be wrong.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates, computed the same way over resolved loans only.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Ingham County
SBA lending by place in Ingham County
- Borrower cities with recorded lending19
- Lansing, approvals128
- East Lansing, approvals62
- Okemos, approvals47
- Williamston, approvals29
- Holt, approvals18
- Mason, approvals16
| Borrower city | Approvals | Gross approval dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Lansing | 128 | $44,684,900 |
| East Lansing | 62 | $29,539,000 |
| Okemos | 47 | $26,584,500 |
| Williamston | 29 | $8,410,600 |
| Holt | 18 | $7,444,700 |
| Mason | 16 | $6,846,400 |
| Webberville | 12 | $4,013,500 |
| Haslett | 9 | $12,258,100 |
| 11 other borrower cities | 26 | $7,285,200 |
Lansing accounts for 128 approvals against 62 in East Lansing. County level figures average over that gap, which is why a site decision is made at the submarket rather than the county.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Ingham County
How large is Ingham County?
- Land area556 sq mi
- Rank by land area among Michigan counties55th of 83
- Width, east to west23.5 mi
- Height, north to south24.5 mi
- Geographies sharing a boundary5
- Residents per square mile of land511
- Establishments per square mile11.08
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Ingham County
Flood risk in Ingham County
- Communities in the county in the NFIP Community Status Book23
- Of those, participating in the NFIP22
- NFIP participation rate95.7 percent
- Communities carrying a CRS class0
- Radon levels in Ingham County, EPA zone predicted average indoor radon screening level from 2 to 4 pCi/LZone 2
The EPA places Ingham County in radon zone 2, a predicted average indoor radon screening level from 2 to 4 pCi/L. The zone is a screening prediction for the county and does not substitute for a test at an address. 95.7 percent of the county's listed communities participate in the National Flood Insurance Program, per Federal Emergency Management Agency, NFIP Community Status Book (OpenFEMA), as of 2026-09-26.
Federal Emergency Management Agency, NFIP Community Status Book (OpenFEMA), as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Coverage
What this page does not hold.
Traffic counts, zoning and the flood zone at an address are not on this page; they resolve at the address in the platform. How this page was built →
Feasibility studies
When a Ingham County site needs a document a lender will accept.
The same data layer behind this page is the one the studies are written from. A study for a Ingham County site starts with the figures you are reading, carrying the same source and period into the credit file.
- Population, American Community Survey 2020-2024283,913
- Households117,096
- Average household size2.42
- Median household income$65,526
- Median age33.3
Common questions
Ingham County questions, answered from the record.
How many people live in Ingham County, Michigan?
The Census Bureau estimates 290,427 residents on July 1, 2024 (US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024). The American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimate is 283,913, in 117,096 households, ranking 8th of 83 Michigan counties. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Is Ingham County's population growing?
The population has grown 1.82 percent since the 2020 census base of 285,230, to 290,427 on July 1, 2024. In 2024 there were 2,817 births against 2,440 deaths, with net migration of 2,329. Source: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
What is the median household income in Ingham County?
$65,526. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $198,800, which is 3.0 times income, and median gross rent is $1,084 per month. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
How many businesses are in Ingham County?
6,160 establishments, employing 111,995 people with an annual payroll of $6.65 bn. These are establishments physically operating in the county, not listings. Source: US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
What is employment by industry in Ingham County?
Health care and social assistance is the largest private sector at 24,527 jobs, 15.8 percent of covered employment. Covered employment averages 155,500 jobs at an average annual pay of $68,532, or $1,318 a week. Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
How much SBA lending happens in Ingham County?
347 7(a) approvals totaling $147.1 m since FY2020, across 54 lenders, with a median approval of $150,000, plus 91 504 approvals worth $48.6 m since FY2010. These are approvals recorded in the release, not loans disbursed.
Do SBA loans in Ingham County get paid back?
Of the 53 loans that have reached a final outcome, 52 were paid in full and 1 charged off, a charge-off rate of 1.9 percent. Loans still running are excluded, because they have not yet succeeded or failed.
How many building permits were issued in Ingham County?
377 housing units were authorized by permit in 2024, with a declared construction value of $85.7 m. Multifamily was 49.3 percent of units. Source: US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
What is the radon zone for Ingham County?
Zone 2, a predicted average indoor radon screening level from 2 to 4 pCi/L. Source: US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Where do people moving to Ingham County come from?
The largest single origin is Eaton County, with 1,427 households. Arriving households report an average income of $50,440 against $60,220 for those leaving. Source: US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Are traffic counts available for Ingham County on this page?
No. Annual average daily traffic resolves in the platform rather than in this dataset, so no AADT figure is printed here. It is a gap we know about rather than a figure we estimated.
Is zoning published for Ingham County?
No. Nothing on this page presents parcel level zoning, and where a statutory framework applies it is marked as the statewide frame, to be confirmed locally.
Ingham County
Cities and places in Ingham.
12 Census places lie wholly or partly in Ingham County. All 12 carry enough published place level data for a page of their own and are linked.
| Place | Type | Population | SBA 7(a) approvals, projects in this county | Lies in |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lansing | city | 113,023 | 128 | 84.7 percent here, 7.8 percent Eaton County, 7.5 percent Clinton County |
| East Lansing | city | 45,758 | 62 | 74.6 percent here, 25.4 percent Clinton County |
| Okemos | CDP | 26,396 | 47 | Wholly in this county |
| Holt | CDP | 25,316 | 18 | Wholly in this county |
| Haslett | CDP | 18,559 | 9 | Wholly in this county |
| Mason | city | 8,249 | 16 | Wholly in this county |
| Williamston | city | 3,807 | 29 | Wholly in this county |
| Edgemont Park | CDP | 2,551 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Leslie | city | 2,129 | 5 | Wholly in this county |
| Stockbridge | village | 1,383 | 5 | Wholly in this county |
| Webberville | village | 1,375 | 12 | Wholly in this county |
| Dansville | village | 599 | 1 | Wholly in this county |
A further 15 of the county's 347 SBA 7(a) approvals are to borrowers in cities that match no Census place in Ingham County, the largest being Dimondale (3), Jackson (2), Dewitt (2). Those are postal cities, unincorporated areas and cities outside the county, so no place row claims them; they are counted in the county total above.
Nearby