Elko County, Nevada: commercial real estate data.
Elko County, Nevada had an estimated 54,363 residents on July 1, 2024, up 1.2 percent since the 2020 census base of 53,703, across 17,170 square miles. County output reached $3.99 bn in 2024, 1,185 establishments operate here, and the SBA record carries 59 7(a) approvals worth $29.7 m since FY2020.
Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics, not published by the agency.
Elko County
How many people live in Elko County
- Population, American Community Survey 2020-202454,047
- Households19,627
- Average household size2.75
- Median household income$86,487
- Median age35.7
- Median gross rent$1,164 per month
- Median owner-occupied home value$301,400
- Home value to household income3.5 times
- Annual rent as a share of median income16.2 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor degree or higher17.8 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a graduate degree6.1 percent
- Adults 25 and over35,210
- Population under 1814,286
- Share under 1826.4 percent
- Population 65 and over7,101
- Share 65 and over13.1 percent
- Working age population, 18 to 6432,660
- Civilian labor force27,787
- Unemployment rate4.5 percent
- Labor force participation, adults 18 and over69.9 percent
- Rank by population among Nevada counties6th of 17
- Rank by population among US county-equivalents, Puerto Rico included960th of 3,222
Elko County is the 6th largest of 17 Nevada counties by population. A median home costs 3.5 times median household income, which is moderately unaffordable by national standards. Residents under 18 outnumber those 65 and over, at 26.4 percent against 13.1 percent, a household formation profile rather than a retirement one.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Elko County
Is Elko County's population growing?
- Population, July 1, 202454,363
- Census 2020 base population53,703
- Population change since the 2020 census base1.23 percent
- Population change, 2023 to 2024-20
- Births, 2024540
- Deaths, 2024489
- Natural change, 202451
- Net domestic migration, 2024-210
- Net international migration, 2024135
- Total net migration, 2024-75
- Cumulative net domestic migration, 2021 to 2024-42
- Rank by growth among US county-equivalents1408th of 3,144
The county has grown 1.23 percent since the 2020 census base. More people left than moved in during 2024 and births over deaths did not make up the difference, so the population fell.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
Elko County
Where are people moving to Elko County from?
- Tax returns filed by households arriving1,435
- People arriving, from those returns2,740
- Tax returns filed by households leaving1,452
- Net household movement-17
- Adjusted gross income arriving$88.0 m
- Net adjusted gross income movement$-17.1 m
- Average income of an arriving household$61,298
- Average income of a leaving household$72,386
- Largest single originClark County (127 households)
- Largest single destinationWashoe County (113 households)
| Origin | Households | People | Adjusted gross income |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clark County | 127 | 248 | $7.3 m |
| Washoe County | 117 | 221 | $7.4 m |
| Salt Lake County | 54 | 106 | $2.9 m |
| Humboldt County | 40 | 75 | $3.3 m |
| Tooele County | 39 | 82 | $1.6 m |
| Lyon County | 31 | 69 | $2.2 m |
| Ada County | 30 | 44 | $1.4 m |
| Nye County | 26 | 45 | $1.9 m |
Households arriving report $11,088 less average income than households leaving, which drains spending power even where headcount holds up. The largest single source of arrivals is Clark County, which is the catchment a retail or multifamily study should look at first.
US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Elko County
What is the Elko County economy?
- County GDP, 2024$3.99 bn
- County GDP, 2023$3.55 bn
- GDP change, 2023 to 202412.7 percent
- GDP change over five years37.4 percent
- Rank by GDP among the Nevada areas BEA publishes5th of 17
- Rank by GDP among the US county areas BEA publishes812th of 3,127
- GDP per resident$73,912
Output grew 12.7 percent in the latest year and 37.4 percent over five, which is the trend line a lender will read behind any single year figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, CAGDP2, through 2024.
Elko County
Employment by industry in Elko County
- Covered employment, annual average22,205
- Establishments reporting1,413
- Average annual pay$64,165
- Average weekly wage$1,234
- Accommodation and food services, employment4,765
- Accommodation and food services, average annual pay$34,930
- Retail trade, employment2,638
- Retail trade, average annual pay$39,275
- Health care and social assistance, employment1,811
- Health care and social assistance, average annual pay$58,961
- Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction, employment1,656
- Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction, average annual pay$113,371
- Construction, employment1,598
- Wholesale trade, employment1,421
| Sector | Employment | Establishments | Average annual pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accommodation and food services | 4,765 | 150 | $34,930 |
| Retail trade | 2,638 | 159 | $39,275 |
| Health care and social assistance | 1,811 | 132 | $58,961 |
| Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 1,656 | 46 | $113,371 |
| Construction | 1,598 | 127 | $80,813 |
| Wholesale trade | 1,421 | 103 | $110,251 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 689 | 52 | $72,277 |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 685 | 131 | $73,723 |
Accommodation and food services is the largest private sector at 4,765 jobs, 21.5 percent of covered employment.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
Elko County
How many businesses are in Elko County?
- Establishments, all industries1,185
- Employment at those establishments21,652
- Annual payroll$1.47 bn
- Establishments per 1,000 residents21.9
These are counts of establishments physically operating in the county, not listings, so they are the supply side a feasibility study measures demand against. County Business Patterns counts private establishments with paid employees in March 2023, while the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages above counts every unemployment-insured employer, public ones included, as a 2024 annual average, so the two establishment and employment counts differ.
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Elko County
Building permits in Elko County
- Housing units authorized by permit, 2024122
- Declared construction value permitted$32.0 m
- Single family units authorized122
- Multifamily units authorized0
- Multifamily share of units0.0 percent
- Average declared value per unit$262,584
- Units authorized per 1,000 households6.2
Single-family homes are 100.0 percent of units authorized, so the pipeline is predominantly single-family.
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
Elko County
SBA loans in Elko County (7(a) and 504)
- 7(a) approvals recorded59
- 7(a) gross approval dollars$29.7 m
- Average 7(a) approval$503,210
- Median 7(a) approval$243,600
- 10th percentile approval$20,000
- 90th percentile approval$1,262,000
- Largest single approval$2,945,100
- Jobs reported supported, 7(a)495
- Jobs per approval8.4
- Distinct 7(a) lenders active27
- Distinct industries receiving approvals43
- Median 7(a) term120 months
- Share of loans on real estate terms, 240 months or longer33.9 percent
- Loans on real estate terms20
- Loans on working capital terms, 120 months or shorter36
- Franchise loans9
- Franchise share of approvals15.3 percent
- Leading industry by approval countHotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels (6)
- Most active lenderU.S. Bank, National Association (13)
- 504 approvals recorded28
- 504 gross approval dollars$19.2 m
- Average 504 approval$685,821
- Median 504 approval$359,500
- Distinct CDCs active3
- 504 jobs per approval6.7
- 504 jobs per million dollars approved9.8
- Most active CDCNevada State Development Corporation (22)
- Combined SBA approval dollars, 7(a) FY2020 to FY2026 and 504 FY2010 to FY2026$48.9 m
The average approval of $503,210 sits well above the median of $243,600, pulled up by a few larger deals, so the median is the better guide to what a typical borrower here gets. 33.9 percent of approvals run on real estate terms of 240 months or more, so this is a market where SBA credit is buying buildings, not just funding operations.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Elko County
SBA loan default and charge-off rates in Elko County
Do SBA loans in Elko County get paid back?
- Loans with a final outcome recorded16
- Paid in full15
- Charged off1
- Status: Paid in full15
- Status: Cancelled7
- Status: Exempt from disclosure35
- Status: Charged off1
- Status: Committed, not yet disbursed1
Only 16 loans have reached a final outcome, fewer than the 30 a charge-off rate needs, so no rate is published.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates, computed the same way over resolved loans only.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Elko County
SBA lending by place in Elko County
- Borrower cities with recorded lending6
- Elko, approvals38
- Spring Creek, approvals8
- Wells, approvals6
- Carlin, approvals5
- Winnemucca, approvals1
- Logan, approvals1
| Borrower city | Approvals | Gross approval dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Elko | 38 | $16,738,700 |
| Spring Creek | 8 | $1,591,100 |
| Wells | 6 | $4,380,000 |
| Carlin | 5 | $5,869,600 |
| Winnemucca | 1 | $910,000 |
| Logan | 1 | $200,000 |
Elko accounts for 38 approvals against 8 in Spring Creek. County level figures average over that gap, which is why a site decision is made at the submarket rather than the county.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Elko County
How large is Elko County?
- Land area17,170 sq mi
- Rank by land area among Nevada counties2nd of 17
- Width, east to west154.1 mi
- Height, north to south130 mi
- Geographies sharing a boundary9
- Residents per square mile of land3
- Establishments per square mile0.07
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Elko County
Flood risk in Elko County
- Participation of the county's own NFIP community Elko County, unincorporated areasParticipating, community 320027
- Communities in the county in the NFIP Community Status Book5
- Of those, participating in the NFIP5
- NFIP participation rate100.0 percent
- Communities carrying a CRS class0
- Radon levels in Elko County, EPA zone predicted average indoor radon screening level from 2 to 4 pCi/LZone 2
The county's own community in the status book, unincorporated Elko County (community 320027), participates in the National Flood Insurance Program and carries no Community Rating System class, so no CRS premium discount applies there. The EPA places Elko County in radon zone 2, a predicted average indoor radon screening level from 2 to 4 pCi/L. The zone is a screening prediction for the county and does not substitute for a test at an address. 100.0 percent of the county's listed communities participate in the National Flood Insurance Program, per Federal Emergency Management Agency, NFIP Community Status Book (OpenFEMA), as of 2026-09-26.
Federal Emergency Management Agency, NFIP Community Status Book (OpenFEMA), as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Coverage
What this page does not hold.
Traffic counts, zoning and the flood zone at an address are not on this page; they resolve at the address in the platform. How this page was built →
Feasibility studies
When a Elko County site needs a document a lender will accept.
The same data layer behind this page is the one the studies are written from. A study for a Elko County site starts with the figures you are reading, carrying the same source and period into the credit file.
- Population, American Community Survey 2020-202454,047
- Households19,627
- Average household size2.75
- Median household income$86,487
- Median age35.7
Common questions
Elko County questions, answered from the record.
How many people live in Elko County, Nevada?
The Census Bureau estimates 54,363 residents on July 1, 2024 (US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024). The American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimate is 54,047, in 19,627 households, ranking 6th of 17 Nevada counties. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Is Elko County's population growing?
The population has grown 1.23 percent since the 2020 census base of 53,703, to 54,363 on July 1, 2024. In 2024 there were 540 births against 489 deaths, with net migration of -75. Source: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
What is the median household income in Elko County?
$86,487. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $301,400, which is 3.5 times income, and median gross rent is $1,164 per month. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
How many businesses are in Elko County?
1,185 establishments, employing 21,652 people with an annual payroll of $1.47 bn. These are establishments physically operating in the county, not listings. Source: US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
What is employment by industry in Elko County?
Accommodation and food services is the largest private sector at 4,765 jobs, 21.5 percent of covered employment. Covered employment averages 22,205 jobs at an average annual pay of $64,165, or $1,234 a week. Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
How much SBA lending happens in Elko County?
59 7(a) approvals totaling $29.7 m since FY2020, across 27 lenders, with a median approval of $243,600, plus 28 504 approvals worth $19.2 m since FY2010. These are approvals recorded in the release, not loans disbursed.
How many building permits were issued in Elko County?
122 housing units were authorized by permit in 2024, with a declared construction value of $32.0 m. Multifamily was 0.0 percent of units. Source: US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
What is the radon zone for Elko County?
Zone 2, a predicted average indoor radon screening level from 2 to 4 pCi/L. Source: US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Where do people moving to Elko County come from?
The largest single origin is Clark County, with 127 households. Arriving households report an average income of $61,298 against $72,386 for those leaving. Source: US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Are traffic counts available for Elko County on this page?
No. Annual average daily traffic resolves in the platform rather than in this dataset, so no AADT figure is printed here. It is a gap we know about rather than a figure we estimated.
Is zoning published for Elko County?
No. Nothing on this page presents parcel level zoning, and where a statutory framework applies it is marked as the statewide frame, to be confirmed locally.
Elko County
Cities and places in Elko.
11 Census places lie wholly or partly in Elko County. 10 carry enough published place level data for a page of their own and are linked. The rest are named here and not linked, because the American Community Survey and the SBA record between them do not carry enough about them to write an honest page. A place existing is itself worth knowing, so nothing in the county is left out.
| Place | Type | Population | SBA 7(a) approvals, projects in this county | Lies in |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elko | city | 20,696 | 38 | Wholly in this county |
| Spring Creek | CDP | 14,739 | 8 | Wholly in this county |
| West Wendover | city | 4,514 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Carlin | city | 2,088 | 5 | Wholly in this county |
| Jackpot | CDP | 1,415 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Wells | city | 1,352 | 6 | Wholly in this county |
| Osino | CDP | 1,341 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Owyhee | CDP | 647 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Montello | CDP | 80 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Mountain City | CDP | 16 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Lamoille | CDP | 0 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
A further 2 of the county's 59 SBA 7(a) approvals are to borrowers in cities that match no Census place in Elko County, the largest being Winnemucca (1), Logan (1). Those are postal cities, unincorporated areas and cities outside the county, so no place row claims them; they are counted in the county total above.