York County, Maine: commercial real estate data.
York County, Maine had an estimated 220,143 residents on July 1, 2024, up 3.9 percent since the 2020 census base of 211,965, across 991 square miles. County output reached $13.65 bn in 2024, 5,914 establishments operate here, and the SBA record carries 398 7(a) approvals worth $110.5 m since FY2020.
Underlined figures are computed by MMCG Analytics, not published by the agency.
York County
How many people live in York County
- Population, American Community Survey 2020-2024216,731
- Households91,413
- Average household size2.37
- Median household income$88,333
- Median age45.3
- Median gross rent$1,339 per month
- Median owner-occupied home value$395,700
- Home value to household income4.5 times
- Annual rent as a share of median income18.2 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor degree or higher36.2 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a graduate degree13.0 percent
- Adults 25 and over162,952
- Population under 1838,519
- Share under 1817.8 percent
- Population 65 and over48,418
- Share 65 and over22.3 percent
- Working age population, 18 to 64129,794
- Civilian labor force118,094
- Unemployment rate3.4 percent
- Labor force participation, adults 18 and over66.3 percent
- Rank by population among Maine counties2nd of 16
- Rank by population among US county-equivalents, Puerto Rico included323rd of 3,222
York County is the 2nd largest of 16 Maine counties by population. A median home costs 4.5 times median household income, which is seriously unaffordable by national standards. Residents 65 and over outnumber those under 18, at 22.3 percent against 17.8 percent, which points demand at health care, services and single story product rather than schools.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
York County
Is York County's population growing?
- Population, July 1, 2024220,143
- Census 2020 base population211,965
- Population change since the 2020 census base3.86 percent
- Population change, 2023 to 20241,026
- Births, 20241,621
- Deaths, 20242,399
- Natural change, 2024-778
- Net domestic migration, 20241,214
- Net international migration, 2024591
- Total net migration, 20241,805
- Cumulative net domestic migration, 2021 to 20248,882
- Rank by growth among US county-equivalents711th of 3,144
The county has grown 3.86 percent since the 2020 census base. Deaths exceeded births in 2024 and the population still grew, so all of the growth came from people moving in. A market held up by migration is more sensitive to a change in relative cost than one growing from household formation.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
York County
Where are people moving to York County from?
- Tax returns filed by households arriving6,986
- People arriving, from those returns10,814
- Tax returns filed by households leaving5,715
- Net household movement1,271
- Adjusted gross income arriving$625.6 m
- Net adjusted gross income movement$224.5 m
- Average income of an arriving household$89,547
- Average income of a leaving household$70,181
- Largest single originCumberland County (1,738 households)
- Largest single destinationCumberland County (1,379 households)
| Origin | Households | People | Adjusted gross income |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cumberland County | 1,738 | 2,574 | $116.3 m |
| Strafford County | 530 | 836 | $33.4 m |
| Rockingham County | 377 | 577 | $35.5 m |
| Middlesex County | 337 | 527 | $52.5 m |
| Essex County | 258 | 431 | $29.7 m |
| Hillsborough County | 135 | 215 | $13.5 m |
| Suffolk County | 118 | 153 | $16.7 m |
| Worcester County | 118 | 184 | $11.5 m |
Households arriving report $19,366 more average income than households leaving, so the migration is raising local spending power rather than just moving it around. The largest single source of arrivals is Cumberland County, which is the catchment a retail or multifamily study should look at first.
US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
York County
What is the York County economy?
- County GDP, 2024$13.65 bn
- County GDP, 2023$12.78 bn
- GDP change, 2023 to 20246.8 percent
- GDP change over five years44.4 percent
- Rank by GDP among the Maine areas BEA publishes2nd of 16
- Rank by GDP among the US county areas BEA publishes346th of 3,127
- GDP per resident$62,981
Output grew 6.8 percent in the latest year and 44.4 percent over five, which is the trend line a lender will read behind any single year figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, CAGDP2, through 2024.
York County
Employment by industry in York County
- Covered employment, annual average79,378
- Establishments reporting8,870
- Average annual pay$61,811
- Average weekly wage$1,189
- Accommodation and food services, employment10,952
- Accommodation and food services, average annual pay$34,803
- Health care and social assistance, employment10,240
- Health care and social assistance, average annual pay$59,472
- Retail trade, employment10,037
- Retail trade, average annual pay$39,395
- Manufacturing, employment8,800
- Manufacturing, average annual pay$73,663
- Construction, employment4,315
- Professional, scientific and technical services, employment3,182
| Sector | Employment | Establishments | Average annual pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accommodation and food services | 10,952 | 821 | $34,803 |
| Health care and social assistance | 10,240 | 669 | $59,472 |
| Retail trade | 10,037 | 848 | $39,395 |
| Manufacturing | 8,800 | 285 | $73,663 |
| Construction | 4,315 | 1,018 | $69,632 |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 3,182 | 1,659 | $105,670 |
| Administrative and support and waste management services | 2,364 | 488 | $52,238 |
| Other services, except public administration | 2,014 | 514 | $44,197 |
Accommodation and food services is the largest private sector at 10,952 jobs, 13.8 percent of covered employment.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
York County
How many businesses are in York County?
- Establishments, all industries5,914
- Employment at those establishments56,640
- Annual payroll$3.16 bn
- Establishments per 1,000 residents27.3
These are counts of establishments physically operating in the county, not listings, so they are the supply side a feasibility study measures demand against. County Business Patterns counts private establishments with paid employees in March 2023, while the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages above counts every unemployment-insured employer, public ones included, as a 2024 annual average, so the two establishment and employment counts differ.
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
York County
Building permits in York County
- Housing units authorized by permit, 20241,408
- Declared construction value permitted$377.9 m
- Single family units authorized1,009
- Multifamily units authorized399
- Multifamily share of units28.3 percent
- Average declared value per unit$268,385
- Units authorized per 1,000 households15.4
Single-family homes are 71.7 percent of units authorized, so the pipeline is predominantly single-family.
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
York County
SBA loans in York County (7(a) and 504)
- 7(a) approvals recorded398
- 7(a) gross approval dollars$110.5 m
- Average 7(a) approval$277,739
- Median 7(a) approval$85,000
- 10th percentile approval$20,000
- 90th percentile approval$641,050
- Largest single approval$5,000,000
- Jobs reported supported, 7(a)3,412
- Jobs per approval8.6
- Distinct 7(a) lenders active49
- Distinct industries receiving approvals158
- Median 7(a) term120 months
- Share of loans on real estate terms, 240 months or longer9.5 percent
- Loans on real estate terms38
- Loans on working capital terms, 120 months or shorter351
- Franchise loans16
- Franchise share of approvals4.0 percent
- Leading industry by approval countFull-Service Restaurants (28)
- Most active lenderKennebunk Savings Bank (68)
- 504 approvals recorded289
- 504 gross approval dollars$137.1 m
- Average 504 approval$474,557
- Median 504 approval$320,000
- Distinct CDCs active3
- 504 jobs per approval6.5
- 504 jobs per million dollars approved13.6
- Most active CDCGranite State Economic Development Corporation (258)
- Combined SBA approval dollars, 7(a) FY2020 to FY2026 and 504 FY2010 to FY2026$247.7 m
The average approval of $277,739 sits well above the median of $85,000, pulled up by a few larger deals, so the median is the better guide to what a typical borrower here gets. Only 9.5 percent of approvals run on real estate terms, so SBA credit here is mostly working capital and equipment rather than property acquisition.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
York County
SBA loan default and charge-off rates in York County
Do SBA loans in York County get paid back?
- Loans with a final outcome recorded73
- Paid in full72
- Charged off1
- Charge-off rate on resolved loans1.4 percent
- Status: Paid in full72
- Status: Exempt from disclosure270
- Status: Cancelled35
- Status: Charged off1
- Status: Committed, not yet disbursed20
Of the 73 loans that have reached a final outcome, 1.4 percent were charged off. This is computed only over resolved loans, because a loan still running has not yet succeeded or failed and counting it either way would be wrong.
Compare against the national and state SBA charge-off rates, computed the same way over resolved loans only.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
York County
SBA lending by place in York County
- Borrower cities with recorded lending38
- Biddeford, approvals45
- Kennebunk, approvals44
- Saco, approvals42
- Kittery, approvals30
- York, approvals29
- Sanford, approvals19
| Borrower city | Approvals | Gross approval dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Biddeford | 45 | $8,002,800 |
| Kennebunk | 44 | $8,603,100 |
| Saco | 42 | $21,777,500 |
| Kittery | 30 | $8,282,100 |
| York | 29 | $11,661,000 |
| Sanford | 19 | $4,266,100 |
| South Berwick | 18 | $1,271,000 |
| Old Orchard Beach | 15 | $10,618,600 |
| 30 other borrower cities | 156 | $36,058,100 |
Biddeford accounts for 45 approvals against 44 in Kennebunk. County level figures average over that gap, which is why a site decision is made at the submarket rather than the county.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
York County
How large is York County?
- Land area991 sq mi
- Rank by land area among Maine counties9th of 16
- Width, east to west32.1 mi
- Height, north to south52.1 mi
- Geographies sharing a boundary5
- Residents per square mile of land219
- Establishments per square mile5.97
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
York County
Flood risk in York County
- Communities in the county in the NFIP Community Status Book29
- Of those, participating in the NFIP29
- NFIP participation rate100.0 percent
- Best Community Rating System class in the county A lower CRS class is a larger flood insurance premium discount.Class 7
- Communities carrying a CRS class7
- Radon levels in York County, EPA zone predicted average indoor radon screening level greater than 4 pCi/LZone 1
The EPA places York County in radon zone 1, a predicted average indoor radon screening level greater than 4 pCi/L. The zone is a screening prediction for the county and does not substitute for a test at an address. The best Community Rating System class among the county's communities is 7, which carries a flood insurance premium discount for policies written in that community. 100.0 percent of the county's listed communities participate in the National Flood Insurance Program, per Federal Emergency Management Agency, NFIP Community Status Book (OpenFEMA), as of 2026-09-26.
Federal Emergency Management Agency, NFIP Community Status Book (OpenFEMA), as of 2026-09-26. US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Coverage
What this page does not hold.
Traffic counts, zoning and the flood zone at an address are not on this page; they resolve at the address in the platform. How this page was built →
Feasibility studies
When a York County site needs a document a lender will accept.
The same data layer behind this page is the one the studies are written from. A study for a York County site starts with the figures you are reading, carrying the same source and period into the credit file.
- Population, American Community Survey 2020-2024216,731
- Households91,413
- Average household size2.37
- Median household income$88,333
- Median age45.3
Common questions
York County questions, answered from the record.
How many people live in York County, Maine?
The Census Bureau estimates 220,143 residents on July 1, 2024 (US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024). The American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimate is 216,731, in 91,413 households, ranking 2nd of 16 Maine counties. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Is York County's population growing?
The population has grown 3.86 percent since the 2020 census base of 211,965, to 220,143 on July 1, 2024. In 2024 there were 1,621 births against 2,399 deaths, with net migration of 1,805. Source: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
What is the median household income in York County?
$88,333. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $395,700, which is 4.5 times income, and median gross rent is $1,339 per month. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
How many businesses are in York County?
5,914 establishments, employing 56,640 people with an annual payroll of $3.16 bn. These are establishments physically operating in the county, not listings. Source: US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
What is employment by industry in York County?
Accommodation and food services is the largest private sector at 10,952 jobs, 13.8 percent of covered employment. Covered employment averages 79,378 jobs at an average annual pay of $61,811, or $1,189 a week. Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
How much SBA lending happens in York County?
398 7(a) approvals totaling $110.5 m since FY2020, across 49 lenders, with a median approval of $85,000, plus 289 504 approvals worth $137.1 m since FY2010. These are approvals recorded in the release, not loans disbursed.
Do SBA loans in York County get paid back?
Of the 73 loans that have reached a final outcome, 72 were paid in full and 1 charged off, a charge-off rate of 1.4 percent. Loans still running are excluded, because they have not yet succeeded or failed.
How many building permits were issued in York County?
1,408 housing units were authorized by permit in 2024, with a declared construction value of $377.9 m. Multifamily was 28.3 percent of units. Source: US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
What is the radon zone for York County?
Zone 1, a predicted average indoor radon screening level greater than 4 pCi/L. Source: US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Where do people moving to York County come from?
The largest single origin is Cumberland County, with 1,738 households. Arriving households report an average income of $89,547 against $70,181 for those leaving. Source: US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Are traffic counts available for York County on this page?
No. Annual average daily traffic resolves in the platform rather than in this dataset, so no AADT figure is printed here. It is a gap we know about rather than a figure we estimated.
Is zoning published for York County?
No. Nothing on this page presents parcel level zoning, and where a statutory framework applies it is marked as the statewide frame, to be confirmed locally.
York County
Cities and places in York.
19 Census places lie wholly or partly in York County. All 19 carry enough published place level data for a page of their own and are linked.
| Place | Type | Population | SBA 7(a) approvals, projects in this county | Lies in |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biddeford | city | 22,498 | 45 | Wholly in this county |
| Sanford | city | 22,247 | 19 | Wholly in this county |
| Saco | city | 20,819 | 42 | Wholly in this county |
| Old Orchard Beach | CDP | 9,244 | 15 | Wholly in this county |
| Kennebunk | CDP | 6,221 | 44 | Wholly in this county |
| Kittery | CDP | 5,110 | 30 | Wholly in this county |
| York Harbor | CDP | 4,240 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| South Eliot | CDP | 4,203 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| South Berwick | CDP | 3,381 | 18 | Wholly in this county |
| Lake Arrowhead | CDP | 3,322 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Cape Neddick | CDP | 2,453 | 7 | Wholly in this county |
| Berwick | CDP | 1,998 | 14 | Wholly in this county |
| North Berwick | CDP | 1,702 | 8 | Wholly in this county |
| West Kennebunk | CDP | 1,395 | None recorded | Wholly in this county |
| Kennebunkport | CDP | 1,276 | 11 | Wholly in this county |
| Cornish | CDP | 1,024 | 1 | Wholly in this county |
| Kittery Point | CDP | 935 | 5 | Wholly in this county |
| Kezar Falls | CDP | 819 | None recorded | 55.8 percent here, 44.2 percent Oxford County |
| Alfred | CDP | 661 | 3 | Wholly in this county |
A further 136 of the county's 398 SBA 7(a) approvals are to borrowers in cities that match no Census place in York County, the largest being York (29), Arundel (14), Buxton (14). Those are postal cities, unincorporated areas and cities outside the county, so no place row claims them; they are counted in the county total above.